Izinhlobo zebhethri ezintsha zokulondoloza amandla zihlanganisa amabhethri ampontshwayo e-hydro, amabhethri e-lead-acid, amabhethri e-lithium, amabhethri e-nickel-cadmium, namabhethri e-nickel-metal hydride. Uhlobo lwesitoreji samandla luzonquma izindawo ezisetshenziswayo, futhi izinhlobo zebhethri zokulondoloza amandla ezihlukene zinezinzuzo kanye nokubi. Nansi incazelo enemininingwane yohlobo lwebhethri ngalinye kanye nokuhlaziywa kobuhle nobubi balo:
1. Amabhethri e-hydro ampontshiwe:
Amabhethri ampontshelwa amanzi asengumdlali ovelele emhlabeni emkhakheni wokugcinwa kwamandla. Isitoreji samandla samanzi ampompayo sisetshenziswa kakhulu, futhi i-electrochemical energy storage account for the part encane. Amabhethri e-hydro pumped agcina amandla ngokumpompa amanzi ukusuka endaweni ephansi ukuya endaweni ephakeme, bese ehlisa amanzi ukusuka endaweni ephakeme uma kudingeka, ukuguqula amandla amanzi abe ugesi ngokusebenzisa i-generator ye-turbine. Izinzuzo zayo zihlanganisa ukuguqulwa kobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, umthamo omkhulu wokugcina, isikhathi eside sokulondoloza, ukusebenza okuzinzile, ukuphila isikhathi eside, njll. Okubi yizindleko zayo eziphakeme zokwakha, izidingo eziphezulu zendawo, isikhathi eside sokwakha, kanye nomthelela othile endaweni ezungezile.
2. Ibhethri le-lead-acid:
Ibhethri le-lead-acid liwuhlobo lwebhethri lokugcina. Ama-electrode awo enziwa ngokuyinhloko ngomthofu nama-oxide awo, kanti i-electrolyte iyisisombululo se-sulfuric acid. Esimweni esikhokhiswayo sebhethri le-lead-acid, ingxenye eyinhloko ye-electrode enhle i-lead dioxide, futhi ingxenye eyinhloko ye-electrode engalungile ingumthofu; esimweni esikhishwe, izingxenye eziyinhloko zama-electrode amahle kanye nama-negative yi-lead sulfate. Izinzuzo zamabhethri e-lead-acid zifaka intengo ephansi, ukunakekelwa okulula, impilo ende yesevisi, kanye nekhono lokumelana nokukhuphuka okukhulu kwamanje. Okubi ukuminyana kwayo okuphansi kwamandla, i-heavyweight, futhi ayilungele ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphezulu.
3. Ibhethri ye-lithium:
Ibhethri ye-lithium wuhlobo lwebhethri elisebenzisa insimbi ye-lithium noma i-lithium alloy njengento engalungile ye-electrode futhi isebenzisa isixazululo se-electrolyte esinganamanzi. Amabhethri e-lithium angahlukaniswa cishe abe izigaba ezimbili: amabhethri e-lithium-metal namabhethri e-lithium-ion. Amabhethri e-lithium-ion awaqukethe i-lithium eyinsimbi futhi ayashajwa. Amabhethri ensimbi ye-lithium ngokuvamile asebenzisa i-manganese dioxide njengento ephozithivu ye-electrode, i-lithium eyinsimbi noma insimbi yayo eyingxubevange njengento engalungile ye-electrode kanye nesisombululo se-electrolyte esinganamanzi. Izinzuzo zamabhethri e-lithium zifaka phakathi amandla aphezulu aphezulu, alula, akukho mphumela wenkumbulo, isikhathi esifushane sokushaja, impilo ende yesevisi, njll.
4. Ibhethri le-nickel-cadmium:
Ibhethri le-nickel-cadmium lingashajwa futhi lishajwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-500 futhi liyonga futhi lihlala isikhathi eside. Ukumelana kwayo kwangaphakathi kuncane, ukumelana kwayo kwangaphakathi kuncane kakhulu, kungashaja ngokushesha, kunganikeza umthamo omkhulu wamanje emthwalweni, futhi i-voltage yayo ishintsha kancane kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhishwa. Ibhethri elisebenza kahle kakhulu le-DC. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri, amabhethri e-nickel-cadmium angakwazi ukumelana nokushajwa ngokweqile noma ukuchithwa ngokweqile. Izinzuzo zayo zihlanganisa ukuphuma kwamandla aphezulu, ukumelana okuphansi kwangaphakathi, impilo ende, njll.
Amabhethri e-lithium aguqule indlela esigcina futhi sisebenzisa ngayo amandla ezimpilweni zethu zansuku zonke. Lezi zindlu zamandla ezishajwa kabusha zihamba phambili ekusungulweni okusha, zinikeza inqwaba yezinzuzo ezizenza zilungele izixazululo zokugcina amandla ekhaya. Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zamabhethri e-lithium, amabhethri e-lithium-ion agqama ngokusebenza kahle kwawo nokuthembeka, okuwenza abe yisinqumo esidumile sokusetshenziselwa ukuhlala.
Amabhethri e-lithium ahamba phambili ezindaweni ezimbalwa ezibalulekile eziwenza afanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza zokugcina amandla ekhaya. Enye yezinzuzo zabo eziyinhloko ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, okubavumela ukuthi bagcine inani elikhulu lamandla kuphakheji elihlangene nelilula. Lo mklamo ohlangene uzuzisa ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokuhlala lapho indawo ingase ibe nomkhawulo.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekile yamabhethri e-lithium ukuntuleka kwawo komphumela wenkumbulo, ngokungafani namabhethri endabuko e-nickel-cadmium. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abasebenzisi bangashaja futhi bakhiphe amabhethri e-lithium nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokunciphisa umthamo wawo wonke. Ukwengeza, amabhethri e-lithium anesikhathi esifushane sokushaja, okuvumela ukushajwa kabusha okusheshayo nokulula uma kudingeka.
Esinye sezici ezivelele zamabhethri e-lithium afanele ukugcinwa kwamandla asekhaya impilo yawo ende yesevisi. Ngekhono lokumelana nemijikelezo efika ku-6000 yokushaja nokukhipha, lawa mabhethri anikeza ukuqina okukhethekile nokuthembeka ekusebenziseni isikhathi eside. Lokhu kuphila isikhathi eside kusekelwa futhi iwaranti yeminyaka eyi-10 ehlaba umxhwele, enikeza abanikazi bezindlu ukuthula kwengqondo nokuzethemba ekutshalweni kwabo.
I-Amensolar, njengomkhiqizi ohamba phambili wamabhethri e-lithium yasendlini, izibeke phambili embonini yokugcina amandla. Ukuzibophezela kwabo kwikhwalithi kanye nokusungula izinto kubonakala kubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obusetshenziselwa ukwakha amabhethri aletha ukusebenza okuvelele nokuthembeka. Ngokunikeza amabhethri e-lithium anesikhathi sokuphila esingafika kumjikelezo we-6000 kanye newaranti yeminyaka eyi-10, i-Amensolar iqinisekisa ukuthi amakhasimende athola umkhiqizo ophakeme ohlangabezana nezidingo zabo zokugcina amandla ngokuphumelelayo.
Ekuphetheni, amabhethri e-lithium amelela isixazululo sokushintsha umdlalo wesitoreji samandla sasekhaya, esihlinzeka ngokusebenza okungenakuqhathaniswa nokuthembeka. Ngokuxineka kwawo okuphezulu kwamandla, idizayini engasindi, impilo yesevisi ende, namandla okushaja okusheshayo, amabhethri e-lithium avela kubakhiqizi abafana no-Amensolar abeka izindinganiso ezintsha zezinhlelo zokuhlala zamandla okugcina amandla. Ukwamukela amandla amabhethri e-lithium kungaguqula indlela esiphatha futhi siwasebenzise ngayo amandla ezindlini zethu, kuhlahla indlela yekusasa elisimeme nelisebenza ngempumelelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-02-2024
