Inkinga yamandla yaseYurophu ibangela ukwanda kwesidingo sendawo yokugcina amandla

Njengoba imakethe yamandla yaseYurophu iqhubeka nokuguquguquka, ukukhuphuka kwamanani kagesi negesi yemvelo sekuphinde kwavusa ukunaka kwabantu ekuzimeleni kwamandla nokulawulwa kwezindleko.

1. Isimo samanje sokushoda kwamandla eYurophu

① Izintengo zikagesi ezikhuphukayo zikhulise ingcindezi yezindleko zamandla

NgoNovemba 2023, intengo kagesi wezitolo ezinkulu emazweni angama-28 ase-Europe yenyuka yafinyelela ku-118.5 euros/MWh, okuwukunyuka kwenyanga nenyanga ngama-44%. Ukunyuka kwezindleko zamandla kubeka ingcindezi enkulu kubasebenzisi basekhaya nabezinkampani.

Ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zokusetshenziswa kukagesi okuphezulu, ukungazinzi kokunikezwa kwamandla kuqinise ukuguquguquka kwentengo kagesi, okuqhubekisela phambili isidingo sokusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zokugcina amandla.

② Ukunikezwa kwegesi yemvelo okuqinile nezintengo ezikhuphukayo

Kusukela ngomhla ka-20 Disemba 2023, intengo ye-Dutch TTF yegesi yemvelo yesikhathi esizayo ikhuphuke yafinyelela ku-43.5 euros/MWh, ikhuphuke ngo-26% isuka endaweni ephansi yangomhla ka-20 Septhemba. Lokhu kubonisa ukuqhubeka kwe-Europe ukuthembela ekuhlinzekweni kwegesi yemvelo kanye nesidingo esikhulayo phakathi nenani eliphakeme lasebusika.

③ Ingozi eyengeziwe yokuncika kokungenisa kwamandla

I-Europe ilahlekelwe inani elikhulu legesi yemvelo eshibhile ngemuva kwengxabano yaseRussia-Ukraine. Nakuba iye yandisa imizamo yayo yokungenisa i-LNG evela e-United States naseMpumalanga Ephakathi, izindleko zikhuphuke kakhulu, futhi inkinga yamandla ayizange incishwe ngokuphelele.

2. Amandla aqhuba ukukhula kwesidingo sendawo yokugcina amandla

① Isidingo esiphuthumayo sokunciphisa izindleko zikagesi

Ukushintshashintsha njalo kwentengo kagesi kwenza abasebenzisi bakwazi ukugcina ugesi lapho amanani kagesi ephansi futhi basebenzise ugesi lapho amanani kagesi ephezulu ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokugcina amandla. Idatha ibonisa ukuthi izindleko zikagesi zemizi efakwe izinhlelo zokugcina amandla zingancishiswa ngo-30% -50%.

② Ukuzuza ukwanelisa amandla

Ukungazinzi kwegesi yemvelo nogesi kuye kwashukumisela abasebenzisi basekhaya ukuba bakhethe ukufaka amasistimu okugcina amandla e-photovoltaic + ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzimela kwamandla futhi kuncishiswe ukuncika ekunikezeni amandla ngaphandle.

③ Izikhuthazo zenqubomgomo zikhuthaze kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kokugcinwa kwamandla

I-Germany, i-France, i-Italy kanye namanye amazwe bethule uchungechunge lwezinqubomgomo ukukhuthaza ukuthandwa kwezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ezindlini. Isibonelo, “Umthetho Wentela Wonyaka” waseJalimane ukhulula amasistimu amancane okugcina amandla e-photovoltaic kanye ne-value-added tax, kuyilapho ihlinzeka ngoxhaso lokufaka.

④ Ukuqhubeka kobuchwepheshe kunciphisa izindleko zamasistimu okugcina amandla

Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bebhethri ye-lithium, intengo yezinhlelo zokugcina amandla iye yehla unyaka nonyaka. Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-International Energy Agency (IEA), kusukela ngo-2023, izindleko zokukhiqiza amabhethri e-lithium zehle cishe ngo-15%, okwenza ngcono kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwezomnotho kwezinhlelo zokugcina amandla.

3. Isimo Semakethe kanye Nezitayela Zesikhathi esizayo

① Isimo Semakethe Yase-European Household Energy Storage

Ngo-2023, isidingo semakethe yokugcina amandla yasendlini eYurophu sizokhula ngokushesha, ngomthamo omusha wokugcinwa kwamandla ofakiwe ongaba ngu-5.1GWh. Lesi sibalo ngokuyisisekelo sigaya i-inventory ekupheleni kuka-2022 (5.2GWh).

Njengemakethe enkulu yokugcina amandla yasendlini eYurophu, iJalimane ithatha cishe u-60% wemakethe iyonke, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwesekwa kwenqubomgomo kanye namanani aphezulu kagesi.

② Amathemba okukhula kwemakethe

Ukukhula kwesikhashana: Ngo-2024, yize izinga lokukhula kwemakethe yokugcina amandla emhlabeni kulindeleke ukuthi lehle, ngokwenyuka konyaka nonyaka cishe ngo-11%, imakethe yase-Europe yokugcina amandla yasendlini isazoqhubeka nokukhula okuphezulu. ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokushoda kwamandla nokusekelwa kwenqubomgomo.

Ukukhula kwesikhathi esimaphakathi nesikhathi: Kulindeleke ukuthi ngo-2028, umthamo ofakiwe wemakethe yokugcina amandla yasendlini yase-Europe udlule u-50GWh, ngesilinganiso sokukhula kwenhlanganisela yonyaka esingu-20% -25%.

③ Ubuchwepheshe nenqubomgomo ukushayela

Ubuchwepheshe begridi ehlakaniphile: Igridi ehlakaniphile eshayelwa yi-AI kanye nobuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa amandla ngokugcwele buthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zokulondoloza amandla futhi kusize abasebenzisi ukuphatha kangcono ukulayishwa kwamandla.
Ukusekelwa okuqhubekayo kwenqubomgomo: Ngaphezu kwezibonelelo kanye nezinxephezelo zentela, amazwe aphinde ahlele ukuphasisa umthetho wokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa okusabalele kwezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic kanye nokugcina amandla. Isibonelo, i-France ihlela ukungeza u-10GWh wamaphrojekthi wokulondoloza amandla wasendlini ngo-2025.