Iintlobo zebhetri ezintsha zokugcina amandla ziquka iibhetri ze-hydro pumped, iibhetri ze-lead-acid, iibhetri ze-lithium, iibhetri ze-nickel-cadmium, kunye neebhetri ze-nickel-metal hydride. Uhlobo logcino lwamandla luya kugqiba iindawo zalo zesicelo, kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zebhetri zokugcina amandla zineenzuzo zabo kunye nokungonakali. Nantsi inkcazo eneenkcukacha yohlobo ngalunye lwebhetri kunye nohlalutyo lweenzuzo kunye neengxaki zalo:
1. Iibhetri ezimponthiweyo ze-hydro:
Iibhetri ezimponthiweyo ze-hydro zisengoyena mdlali ubalaseleyo kwihlabathi kwibala lokugcina amandla. Ukugcinwa kwamandla okumpontshwa kwamanzi yeyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu, kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla e-electrochemical kwi-akhawunti encinci. Iibhetri ezimponthiweyo ze-hydro zigcina amandla ngokumpompa amanzi ukusuka kwindawo ephantsi ukuya kwindawo ephakamileyo, kwaye emva koko athobe amanzi ukusuka kwindawo ephakamileyo xa kuyimfuneko, ukuguqula amandla amanzi abe ngumbane ngejenereyitha ye-injini yomoya. Iinzuzo zayo ziquka ukuguqulwa komgangatho ophezulu, umthamo omkhulu wokugcina, ixesha elide lokugcina, ukusebenza ngokuzinzile, ubomi obude, njl njl. Ukungalungi yindleko yayo ephezulu yokwakha, iimfuno eziphezulu zendawo, ixesha elide lokwakha, kunye nempembelelo ethile kwindalo.
2. Ibhetri ye-lead-asidi:
Ibhetri ye-lead-acid luhlobo lwebhetri yokugcina. Ii-electrode zayo zenziwe ikakhulu ngelothe kunye neeoksidi zayo, kwaye i-electrolyte sisinyibiliko se-asidi yesulfuric. Kwimeko ehlawulisiweyo yebhetri ye-lead-acid, inxalenye ephambili ye-electrode efanelekileyo i-lead dioxide, kwaye inxalenye ephambili ye-electrode engafanelekanga ikhokela; kwimeko ekhutshiweyo, amacandelo aphambili ee-electrode ezilungileyo kunye ezimbi zombini sulfate lead. Izibonelelo zeebhetri ze-lead-asidi ziquka ixabiso eliphantsi, ukugcinwa lula, ubomi benkonzo ende, kunye nokukwazi ukumelana nokunyuka kwangoku okukhulu. Izinto ezingeloncedo kukuxinana kwamandla aphantsi, ubunzima obunzima, kwaye ayifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu.
3. Ibhetri yeLithium:
Ibhetri ye-lithium luhlobo lwebhetri esebenzisa isinyithi se-lithium okanye i-lithium alloy njengento engafanelekanga ye-electrode kwaye isebenzisa isisombululo esingenamanzi se-electrolyte. Iibhetri zeLithium zinokwahlulwa ngokwezigaba zibe zimbini: iibhetri ze-lithium-metal kunye neebhetri ze-lithium-ion. Iibhetri zeLithium-ion aziqukethe i-lithium yensimbi kwaye ziyatshajwa kwakhona. Iibhetri zetsimbi ye-lithium ngokubanzi zisebenzisa i-manganese dioxide njengezinto eziphathekayo ze-electrode, i-lithium yensimbi okanye i-alloy metal yayo njengento engafanelekanga ye-electrode kunye nesisombululo esingenamanzi se-electrolyte. Iingenelo zeebhetri ze-lithium ziquka ubuninzi bamandla aphezulu, ukukhanya, akukho mphumo yememori, ixesha elifutshane lokutshaja, ubomi benkonzo ende, njl.
4. Ibhetri ye-nickel-cadmium:
Ibhetri ye-nickel-cadmium inokuhlawuliswa kwaye ikhutshwe ngaphezu kwamaxesha angama-500 kwaye inoqoqosho kwaye yomelele. Ukuchasana kwayo kwangaphakathi kuncinci, ukuchasana kwayo kwangaphakathi kuncinci kakhulu, kunokuhlawula ngokukhawuleza, kunokubonelela ngokukhoyo okukhulu kumthwalo, kwaye i-voltage yayo iyatshintsha kakhulu ngexesha lokukhutshwa. Yeyona DC ifanelekileyo ibhetri yonikezelo lwamandla. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zeebhetri, iibhetri ze-nickel-cadmium zinokumelana nokuchasa kakhulu okanye ukukhupha ngaphezulu. Izibonelelo zayo zibandakanya ukuphuma kwamandla aphezulu, ukuchasana okuphantsi kwangaphakathi, ubomi obude, njl.
Iibhetri zeLithium zitshintshe indlela esigcina ngayo kwaye sisebenzise amandla kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Ezi zindlu zamandla ziphinde zitshajwe zihamba phambili ekuveliseni izinto ezintsha, zibonelela ngentaphane yeenzuzo ezizenza zilungele izisombululo zokugcina amandla ekhaya. Phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeebhetri ze-lithium, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zivelele ngokusebenza kwazo kunye nokuthembeka, okwenza kube yinto ekhethiweyo yokusetyenziswa kwendawo yokuhlala.
Iibhetri zeLithium zigqwesa kwiindawo ezininzi eziphambili ezenza ukuba zigqibelele usetyenziso lokugcina amandla ekhaya. Enye yeenzuzo zabo eziphambili kukuxinana kwamandla aphezulu, okubavumela ukuba bagcine isixa esikhulu samandla kwiphakheji edibeneyo kunye nekhaphukhaphu. Olu yilo ludityanisiweyo luluncedo ngakumbi kwiindawo zokuhlala apho indawo inokuncipha.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekileyo yeebhetri ze-lithium kukungabikho kwempembelelo yememori, ngokungafaniyo neebhetri ze-nickel-cadmium eziqhelekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba abasebenzisi banokuhlawulisa kwaye bakhuphe iibhetri ze-lithium nangaliphi na ixesha ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokunciphisa umthamo wabo wonke. Ukongeza, iibhetri ze-lithium zinexesha elifutshane lokutshaja, ezivumela ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo xa kufuneka.
Enye yeempawu ezibalaseleyo zeebhetri ze-lithium ezifanelekileyo kugcino lwamandla asekhaya bubomi babo benkonzo ende. Ngokukwazi ukumelana nemijikelo ye-6000 yokutshaja kunye nokukhupha, ezi bhetri zibonelela ngokuqina okukhethekileyo kunye nokuthembeka kokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide. Obu bomi bude buxhaswa ngakumbi yiwaranti yeminyaka eli-10 enomtsalane, ebonelela abaninimzi ngoxolo lwengqondo kunye nokuzithemba kutyalo-mali lwabo.
I-Amensolar, njengomvelisi ohamba phambili weebhetri ze-lithium zendlu, uzibeke phambili kwishishini lokugcina amandla. Ukuzibophezela kwabo kumgangatho kunye nokutsha kubonakala kubuchwephesha obuphezulu obusetyenziselwa ukudala iibhetri ezinikezela ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kunye nokuthembeka. Ngokunikezela ngeebhetri ze-lithium kunye nexesha lokuphila ukuya kwi-6000 imijikelezo kunye newaranti yeminyaka eyi-10, i-Amensolar iqinisekisa ukuba abathengi bafumana imveliso ephezulu ehlangabezana neemfuno zabo zokugcina amandla ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukuqukumbela, iibhetri ze-lithium zibonisa isisombululo sokutshintsha umdlalo wokugcinwa kwamandla ekhaya, ukubonelela ngokusebenza okungafaniyo kunye nokuthembeka. Ngoxinzelelo lwamandla aphezulu, uyilo olulula, ubomi benkonzo ende, kunye nokukwazi ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza, iibhetri ze-lithium ezivela kubavelisi abafana no-Amensolar babeka imigangatho emitsha yeenkqubo zokugcina amandla okuhlala. Ukwamkela amandla eebhetri ze-lithium kunokuguqula indlela esilawula ngayo kwaye sisebenzise amandla kumakhaya ethu, sivula indlela yekamva elizinzileyo nelisebenzayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-02-2024
