Ugcino lwamandla lubhekisa kwinkqubo yokugcina amandla ngokusebenzisa isixhobo esiphakathi okanye isixhobo kunye nokuwakhulula xa kuyimfuneko. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ugcino lwamandla lubhekisa ikakhulu kugcino lwamandla ombane. Ukubeka ngokulula, ukugcinwa kwamandla kukugcina umbane kwaye uwusebenzise xa kuyimfuneko.
Ukugcinwa kwamandla kubandakanya uluhlu olubanzi kakhulu lwamasimi. Ngokohlobo lwamandla olubandakanyekayo kwinkqubo yokugcina amandla, iteknoloji yokugcina amandla inokwahlulwa ibe yindawo yokugcina amandla omzimba kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla ekhemikhali.
● Ukugcinwa kwamandla okubonakalayo kukugcinwa kwamandla ngokuguqulwa komzimba, okunokwahlulwa kugcino lwamandla omxhuzulane, ukugcinwa kwamandla e-elastic, ukugcinwa kwamandla e-kinetic, ukugcinwa kokubanda kunye nokushisa, ukugcinwa kwamandla e-superconducting kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla e-supercapacitor. Phakathi kwabo, ukugcinwa kwamandla e-superconducting kuphela kweteknoloji egcina ngokuthe ngqo umbane wombane.
● Ugcino lwamandla emichiza kukugcinwa kwamandla kwizinto ngotshintsho lweekhemikhali, kubandakanywa ukugcinwa kwamandla ebhetri yesibini, ukugcinwa kwamandla ebhetri, ukugcinwa kwamandla e-hydrogen, ukugcinwa kwamandla okudityanisiweyo, ukugcinwa kwamandla esinyithi, njl njl. Ukugcinwa kwamandla e-electrochemical ligama eliqhelekileyo lamandla ebhetri. yokugcina.
Injongo yokugcina amandla kukusebenzisa amandla ombane agciniweyo njengomthombo wamandla olawulayo oguquguqukayo, ukugcina amandla xa umthwalo wegridi uphantsi, kunye nokukhupha amandla xa umthwalo wegridi uphezulu, ukucheba i-peak-shaving kunye nokuzaliswa kwentlambo yegridi.
Iprojekthi yokugcina amandla ifana "nebhanki yamandla" enkulu ekufuneka ihlawuliswe, igcinwe, kwaye ibonelelwe. Ukusuka kwimveliso ukuya ekusetyenzisweni, amandla ombane ngokubanzi ahamba kula manyathelo mathathu: ukuvelisa umbane (amaziko ombane, amaziko ombane) → ukuthutha umbane (iinkampani zegridi) → usebenzisa umbane (amakhaya, iifektri).
Ukugcinwa kwamandla kunokusekwa kwezi khonkco zintathu zingentla, ngoko ngokuhambelanayo, iimeko zokusetyenziswa kogcino lwamandla zinokuhlulwa zibe:ugcino lwamandla kwicala lokuvelisa amandla, ugcino lwamandla kwicala legridi, kunye nogcino lwamandla kwicala lomsebenzisi.
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Iimeko ezintathu eziphambili zokusetyenziswa kogcino lwamandla
Ukugcinwa kwamandla kwicala lokuvelisa amandla
Ukugcinwa kwamandla kwicala lokuvelisa amandla kunokubizwa ngokuba ngugcino lwamandla kwicala lonikezelo lwamandla okanye ugcino lwamandla kwicala lonikezelo lwamandla. Ikakhulu yakhelwe kwizityalo ezahlukeneyo zamandla obushushu, iifama zomoya, kunye nezikhululo zamandla ephotovoltaic. Liziko elixhasayo elisetyenziswa ziintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo zombane ukukhuthaza ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nokuzinzileyo kwenkqubo yamandla. Ikakhulu ibandakanya ukugcinwa kwamandla emveli ngokusekelwe kugcino olumpompelweyo kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla amatsha ngokusekelwe kwi-electrochemical energy storage, ukushisa (kubanda) ukugcinwa kwamandla, ukugcinwa kwamandla omoya ocinezelweyo, ukugcinwa kwamandla e-flywheel kunye ne-hydrogen (ammonia) yokugcina amandla.
Okwangoku, kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zokugcina amandla kwicala lokuvelisa amandla eTshayina.Uhlobo lokuqala lunamandla okushisa kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla. Oko kukuthi, ngendlela yamandla ashushu + ugcino lwamandla oludityanisiweyo lolawulo lwamaxesha, izibonelelo zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kogcino lwamandla ziziswa ekudlaleni, isantya sokuphendula seyunithi yamandla e-thermal siphuculwa ngokobuchwepheshe, kunye nomthamo wokuphendula wamandla ashushu kwinkqubo yamandla. iyaphuculwa. Ukuhanjiswa kwamandla e-Thermal ukugcinwa kwamandla ekhemikhali kuye kwasetyenziswa kakhulu e-China. I-Shanxi, i-Guangdong, i-Inner Mongolia, i-Hebei kunye nezinye iindawo zinecala lokuvelisa amandla ashushu adityanisiweyo kwiiprojekthi zolawulo lwamaza.
Udidi lwesibini ngamandla amatsha kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla. Xa kuthelekiswa namandla okushisa, amandla omoya kunye namandla e-photovoltaic aphakathi kakhulu kwaye aguquguqukayo: i-peak of photovoltaic power generation igxininiswe emini, kwaye ayikwazi ukuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo nencopho yemfuno yombane ngokuhlwa nasebusuku; incopho yokuveliswa kwamandla omoya ayizinzanga kakhulu ngosuku, kwaye kukho iiyantlukwano zamaxesha onyaka; Ukugcinwa kwamandla e-electrochemical, njenge "stabilizer" yamandla amatsha, kunokuphucula ukuguquguquka, okungenakuphucula kuphela umthamo wokusetyenziswa kwamandla asekhaya, kodwa kuncedise ekusebenziseni amandla amatsha ngaphandle kwendawo.
Ukugcinwa kwamandla kwicala legridi
Ukugcinwa kwamandla e-grid-side kubhekiselele kwimithombo yogcino lwamandla kwinkqubo yamandla enokuthi ihanjiswe ngokufanayo ngamaqumrhu okuthumela amandla, ukuphendula kwiimfuno zokuguquguquka kwegridi yamandla, kwaye idlale indima yehlabathi kunye nenkqubo. Phantsi kwale nkcazo, indawo yolwakhiwo lweeprojekthi zokugcina amandla ayithintelwa kwaye utyalo-mali kunye namaqumrhu okwakha ahlukeneyo.
Usetyenziso ikakhulu lubandakanya iinkonzo ezincedisayo ezifana nokutsheva okuphezulu, ukulawulwa rhoqo, unikezelo lwamandla okuxhasayo kunye neenkonzo ezintsha ezifana nokugcinwa kwamandla okuzimeleyo. Ababoneleli ngenkonzo ikakhulu baquka iinkampani zokuvelisa umbane, iinkampani zegridi zamandla, abasebenzisi bamandla abathatha inxaxheba kwiintengiselwano ezisekelwe kwiimarike, iinkampani zokugcina amandla, njl njl. Injongo kukugcina ukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza kwenkqubo yamandla kunye nokuqinisekisa umgangatho wombane.
Ugcino lwamandla kwicala lomsebenzisi
Ugcino lwamandla kwicala lomsebenzisi ludla ngokubhekisa kwizitishi zamandla ogcino lwamandla ezakhiwe ngokweemfuno zabasebenzisi kwiimo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenzisa umbane ngenjongo yokunciphisa iindleko zombane ozisebenzisayo kunye nokunciphisa ukuphela kombane kunye nelahleko yothintelo lombane. Imodeli yenzuzo ephambili yogcino lwamandla oshishino kunye norhwebo eChina yincopho-kwintlambo yombane wexabiso arbitrage. Ukugcinwa kwamandla ecala lomsebenzisi kunokunceda abaninimzi basindise iindleko zombane ngokutshaja ebusuku xa igridi yamandla iphantsi kwaye ikhuphela emini xa ukusetyenziswa kombane kuyincopho. I
IKomishoni yoPhuhliso kunye noHlaziyo yeSizwe yakhupha "iSaziso sokuPhucula ngakumbi iXesha lokuSebenzisa ixabiso loMbane weMechanism", ifuna ukuba kwiindawo apho inkqubo yencopho yentlambo umahluko idlula i-40%, umahluko wexabiso lombane okwincopho-kwintlambo akufuneki ube ngaphantsi. kunesi-4:1 ngokomgaqo, yaye kwezinye iindawo akafanele abe ngaphantsi kwesi-3:1 ngokomgaqo. Ixabiso eliphezulu lombane akufanele libe ngaphantsi kwe-20% ephezulu kunexabiso eliphezulu lombane ngokomgaqo. Ukwandiswa kwexabiso lexabiso lencopho-kwintlambo iye yabeka isiseko sophuhliso olukhulu lokugcinwa kwamandla kumsebenzisi.
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Amathuba ophuhliso logcino lwamandla okugcina amandla
Ngokubanzi, uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yogcino lwamandla kunye nosetyenziso olukhulu lwezixhobo zokugcina amandla alunakuqinisekisa nje ngcono imfuno yombane yabantu kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nozinzo lwegridi yamandla, kodwa nokwandisa kakhulu ubungakanani bokuveliswa kwamandla avuselelekayo. , ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, kunye negalelo ekuphunyezweni kwe "carbon peak kunye ne-carbon neutrality".
Nangona kunjalo, kuba ezinye itekhnoloji zokugcina amandla zisekwindawo yokuqala kwaye ezinye izicelo azikavuthwa, kusekho indawo enkulu yophuhliso kuyo yonke inkalo yetekhnoloji yokugcina amandla. Kweli nqanaba, iingxaki ezijongene netekhnoloji yokugcina amandla zibandakanya ezi nxalenye zimbini:
I-1) Ibhotile yophuhliso lweebhetri zokugcina amandla : ukukhuselwa kwendalo, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye neendleko eziphantsi. Indlela yokuphuhlisa indalo enobungane, ukusebenza okuphezulu, kunye neebhetri eziphantsi kweendleko ziyisihloko esibalulekileyo kwinkalo yophando lokugcina amandla kunye nophuhliso. Kuphela ngokudibanisa la manqaku mathathu sinokuthi siqhubele phambili ekuthengiseni ngokukhawuleza nangcono.
2) Uphuhliso olulungelelanisiweyo lobugcisa obuhlukeneyo bokugcina amandla : Itekhnoloji nganye yokugcina amandla ineenzuzo zayo kunye nokungalunganga, kwaye iteknoloji nganye inendawo yayo ekhethekileyo. Ukujonga ezinye iingxaki ezisebenzayo kweli nqanaba, ukuba itekhnoloji yogcino lwamandla ehlukeneyo inokusetyenziswa kunye ngokwemvelo, umphumo wokuqina kwamandla kunye nokuphepha ubuthathaka kunokufezekiswa, kwaye isiphumo esiphindwe kabini ngesiqingatha somzamo sinokufezekiswa. Oku kuya kuba lukhokelo lophando oluphambili kwindawo yokugcina amandla.
Njengenkxaso engundoqo yophuhliso lwamandla amatsha, ukugcinwa kwamandla yeyona teknoloji ingundoqo yokuguqulwa kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa, ukulawulwa kwencopho kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, ukuhanjiswa kunye nokucwangcisa, ulawulo kunye nokusetyenziswa. Ihamba kuyo yonke imiba yophuhliso lwamandla amatsha kunye nokusetyenziswa. Ke ngoko, ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji entsha yokugcina amandla kuya kuvula indlela yokuguqulwa kwamandla kwixesha elizayo.
Joyina i-Amensolar ESS, inkokeli ethembekileyo yokugcina amandla asekhaya kunye neminyaka eyi-12 yokuzinikela, kwaye wandise ishishini lakho ngezisombululo zethu eziqinisekisiweyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-30-2024
