Intshayelelo
Iibhetri zeSolar, ezikwabizwa ngokuba ziinkqubo zokugcina amandla elanga, ziya zithandwa kakhulu njengoko izisombululo zamandla ahlaziyekayo zifumana amandla kwihlabathi liphela. Ezi bhetri zigcina amandla agqithisileyo aveliswa ziipaneli zelanga ngexesha leentsuku ezinelanga kwaye ziwakhulule xa ilanga lingakhanyi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho umbane oqhubekayo nothembekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, omnye wemibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo malunga neebhetri zelanga kukuba zingaphindwa kwakhona. Eli nqaku lijolise ekunikeni uhlalutyo olubanzi lwesi sihloko, ukuhlola izinto ezichaphazela imijikelezo yokutshaja ibhetri, iteknoloji emva kweebhetri zelanga, kunye neempembelelo eziphathekayo kubathengi kunye namashishini.
Ukuqonda iBattery Recharge Cycles
Phambi kokuntywila kwiibhetri zelanga, kubalulekile ukuqonda umxholo wemijikelo yokutshaja ibhetri. Umjikelo wokutshaja kwakhona ubhekisa kwinkqubo yokukhupha ibhetri ngokupheleleyo kwaye emva koko uyitshaje ngokupheleleyo. Inani lemijikelo yokutshaja kwakhona ibhetri enokuthi ingene kuyo liyimetric ebalulekileyo emisela ubomi bayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko.
Iintlobo ngeentlobo zeebhetri zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuphinda uzitshaje. Umzekelo, iibhetri ze-lead-asidi, ezidla ngokusetyenziswa kwiimoto zemveli kunye nezicelo zamandla ezigcina irekhodi, zihlala ziphila malunga nama-300 ukuya kuma-500 omjikelezo wokutshaja kwakhona. Kwelinye icala, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion, ezihambele phambili kakhulu kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kubathengi be-elektroniki kunye nezithuthi zombane, zihlala zikwazi ukujongana namawaka aliqela emijikelo yokutshaja kwakhona.
Izinto eziPhembelela iiMijikelo zokuTshaja kwakhona ibhetri yeSolar
Izinto ezininzi zinokuchaphazela inani lemijikelo yokutshaja kwakhona ibhetri yelanga enokungena kuyo. Ezi ziquka:
Ibhetri yeKhemistri
Uhlobo lwekhemistri yebhetri idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni umthamo womjikelo wokutshaja kwakhona. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ngokubanzi zibonelela ngamanani aphezulu omjikelo wokutshaja xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ze-lead-asidi. Ezinye iintlobo zeekhemistri zebhetri, ezifana ne-nickel-cadmium (NiCd) kunye ne-nickel-metal hydride (NiMH), nazo zinemida yazo yokutshaja kwakhona.
Iinkqubo zolawulo lwebhetri (BMS)
Inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri eyilwe kakuhle (BMS) inokwandisa ngokubonakalayo ubomi bebhetri yelanga ngokubeka iliso kunye nokulawula iiparamitha ezahlukeneyo ezifana nobushushu, amandla ombane kunye nangoku. I-BMS inokuthintela ukutshaja, ukukhupha kakhulu, kunye nezinye iimeko ezinokuthoba umgangatho wokusebenza kwebhetri kunye nokunciphisa umjikelo wokutshaja kwakhona.
Ubunzulu bokukhutshwa (DOD)
Ubunzulu bokukhupha (DOD) bubhekiselele kwipesenti yomthamo webhetri osetyenziswayo phambi kokuba itshajwe kwakhona. Iibhetri ezikhutshwa rhoqo kwi-DOD ephezulu ziya kuba nobomi obufutshane obufutshane xa kuthelekiswa nezo zikhutshwa ngokuyinxenye. Ngokomzekelo, ukukhupha ibhetri kwi-80% ye-DOD kuya kubangela imijikelezo yokutshaja ngakumbi kunokuyikhupha kwi-100% ye-DOD.
IiRhafu zokuTshaja kunye nokuKhutshwa
Umlinganiselo wokutshajwa nokuphuma kwebhetri nawo unokuchaphazela ukubalwa komjikelo wokutshajwa kwakhona. Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunye nokukhupha kunokuvelisa ubushushu, obunokonakalisa izinto zebhetri kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kwazo ngexesha. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amaxabiso afanelekileyo okutshaja kunye nokukhupha ukuze ukwandise ubomi bebhetri.
Ubushushu
Ukusebenza kwebhetri kunye nobomi bunobuntununtunu kakhulu kubushushu. Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu okanye aphantsi angakhawulezisa ukuthotywa kwemathiriyeli yebhetri, ukunciphisa inani lemijikelo yokutshaja enokuthi ingene kuyo. Ke ngoko, ukugcina amaqondo obushushu ebhetri afanelekileyo ngokugqunywa okufanelekileyo, ukungena komoya, kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lobushushu kubalulekile.
Isondlo kunye neNkathalo
Ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokhathalelo nako kunokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwandiseni ubomi bebhetri yelanga. Oku kuquka ukucoca iitheminali zebhetri, ukuhlola iimpawu zokubola okanye zokonakala, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iindibano ziqinile kwaye zikhuselekile.
Iindidi zeebhetri zeSolar kunye neRecharge Cycle Cycle Counts
Ngoku ekubeni sinokuqonda ngcono izinto eziphembelela imijikelo yokutshajwa kwakhona kwebhetri, makhe sijonge ezinye zezona ntlobo zidumileyo zeebhetri zelanga kunye nokubalwa komjikelo wokutshaja kwakhona:
Iibhetri zeLead-Acid
Iibhetri ze-lead-asidi zilona hlobo luqhelekileyo lweebhetri zelanga, ngenxa yeendleko zabo eziphantsi kunye nokuthembeka. Nangona kunjalo, banobomi obufutshane obufutshane ngokwemijikelo yokutshaja kwakhona. Iibhetri ze-asidi ezikhukulayo zinokuphatha malunga nama-300 ukuya kuma-500 imijikelo yokutshaja kwakhona, ngelixa iibhetri ze-lead-asidi ezitywiniweyo (ezifana nejeli kunye nemethi yeglasi efunxayo, okanye iAGM, iibhetri) zinokunika amanani omjikelo aphezulu kancinci.
Iibhetri zeLithium-Ion
Iibhetri zeLithium-ion ziya zithandwa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zokugcina amandla elanga ngenxa yokuxinana kwamandla aphezulu, ubomi obude, kunye neemfuno zokugcinwa okuphantsi. Ngokuxhomekeke kwikhemikhali ethile kunye nomvelisi, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zinokubonelela ngamawaka aliqela emijikelo yokutshaja kwakhona. Ezinye iibhetri ze-lithium-ion eziphezulu, ezifana nezo zisetyenziselwa izithuthi zombane, zinokuba nobomi obungaphezulu kwe-10,000 yomjikelezo wokutshaja.
Iibhetri eziSekwe kwiNickel
Iibhetri ze-nickel-cadmium (NiCd) kunye ne-nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) aziqhelekanga kwiinkqubo zokugcina amandla elanga kodwa zisasetyenziswa kwezinye izicelo. Iibhetri ze-NiCd zihlala zijikeleza i-1,000 ukuya kwi-2,000 lemijikelo yokutshaja kwakhona, ngelixa iibhetri ze-NiMH zinokubonelela ngokubalwa komjikelo ophezulu kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, zombini iindidi zeebhetri ziye zatshintshwa ubukhulu becala ziibhetri ze-lithium-ion ngenxa yobuninzi bamandla kunye nobomi obude.
Iibhetri zeSodium-Ion
Iibhetri ze-sodium-ion luhlobo olutsha lwetekhnoloji yebhetri ebonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi ngaphezulu kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion, kubandakanywa neendleko eziphantsi kunye nezinto ezininzi eziluhlaza (sodium). Ngelixa iibhetri ze-sodium-ion zisekwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso, kulindeleke ukuba zibe nokulinganisa okanye ixesha elide lokuphila ngokwemijikelezo yokutshaja xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ze-lithium-ion.
Iibhetri ezihambayo
Iibhetri ezihambayo luhlobo lwenkqubo yokugcina i-electrochemical esebenzisa i-electrolytes engamanzi ukugcina amandla. Banamandla okubonelela ubomi obude kakhulu kunye nokubalwa komjikelo ophezulu, njengoko i-electrolytes inokutshintshwa okanye izaliswe njengoko kufuneka. Nangona kunjalo, iibhetri zokuhamba ngoku zibiza kakhulu kwaye aziqhelekanga kunezinye iintlobo zeebhetri zelanga.
Iimpembelelo eziSebenzayo kubathengi nakuShishino
Inani lemijikelo yokutshaja kwakhona ibhetri yelanga enokuthi ingene kuyo ineempembelelo ezininzi ezisebenzayo kubathengi nakumashishini. Nantsi eminye imiba ephambili:
Iindleko-Ukusebenza
Iindleko-zokusebenza kwebhetri yelanga ubukhulu becala bumiselwa bubomi bayo kunye nenani lemijikelo yokutshaja enokuthi ingene kuyo. Iibhetri ezinobalo lomjikelo wokutshajwa ngokutsha zikholisa ukuba neendleko eziphantsi ngomjikelo ngamnye, nto leyo ezenza ukuba zisebenze ngakumbi ngokwezoqoqosho ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Ukuzimela kwamandla
Iibhetri zelanga zibonelela ngendlela yokuba abathengi kunye namashishini bagcine amandla agqithisileyo aveliswa ziipaneli zelanga kwaye bawasebenzise xa ilanga lingakhanyi. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuzimeleni okukhulu kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukuthembela kwigridi, enokuba luncedo ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezinombane ongathembekanga okanye obiza kakhulu.
Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo
Iibhetri zelanga zinokunceda ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse ngokuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo njengamandla elanga. Nangona kunjalo, impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yokuveliswa kunye nokuchithwa kwebhetri kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo. Iibhetri ezinobomi obude kunye nokubalwa komjikelo wokutshajwa kwakhona zinokunceda ukunciphisa inkunkuma kunye nokunciphisa indawo yonke yokusingqongileyo yeenkqubo zokugcina amandla elanga.
I-Scalability kunye nokuguquguquka
Ukukwazi ukugcina amandla kunye nokuwasebenzisa xa kuyimfuneko kubonelela ngokunyuka okukhulu kunye nokuguquguquka kweenkqubo zamandla elanga. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kumashishini kunye nemibutho enezidingo zamandla ezahlukeneyo okanye esebenza kwiindawo ezinesimo sezulu esingalindelekanga.
Imizila yekamva kunye nezinto ezintsha
Njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubeka nokuhambela phambili, sinokulindela ukubona izinto ezintsha kunye nophuculo kwitekhnoloji yebhetri yelanga. Nazi ezinye iintsingiselo zexesha elizayo ezinokuchaphazela inani lemijikelo yokutshaja kwakhona iibhetri zesola ezinokuthi zenzeke:
Advanced Battery Chemistries
Abaphandi bahlala besebenza kwiikhemistri zebhetri ezintsha ezibonelela ngamandla aphezulu oxinaniso, ubomi obude, kunye namazinga okukhawuleza okutshaja. Ezi khemistri zitsha zinokukhokelela kwiibhetri zelanga ezinobalo lomjikelo wokutshajwa kwakhona.
Iinkqubo zoLawulo lwebhetri eziphuculweyo
Ukuqhubela phambili kwiinkqubo zolawulo lwebhetri (BMS) kunokunceda ukwandisa ubomi beebhetri zelanga ngokubeka iliso ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokulawula iimeko zabo zokusebenza. Oku kunokubandakanya ulawulo olungcono lobushushu, ukutshaja okuchane ngakumbi kunye nokukhupha i-algorithms, kunye noxilongo lwexesha lokwenyani kunye nokufumanisa impazamo.
Ukudityaniswa kweGridi kunye noLawulo lwaMandla e-Smart
Ukuhlanganiswa kweebhetri zelanga kunye negridi kunye nokusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zokulawula amandla ahlakaniphile kunokukhokelela ekusebenziseni amandla ngokufanelekileyo nangokuthembekileyo. Ezi nkqubo zinokunyusa ukutshaja kunye nokukhupha iibhetri zelanga ngokusekwe kumaxabiso exesha lokwenyani lamandla, iimeko zegridi, kunye noqikelelo lwemozulu, zandisa ngakumbi ubomi bazo kunye nokubalwa komjikelo wokutshajwa kwakhona.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukuqukumbela, inani lemijikelo yokutshaja ibhetri yelanga inokungena kuyo yinto ebalulekileyo emisela ubomi bayo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Izinto ezahlukeneyo, ezibandakanya ikhemistri yebhetri, i-BMS, ubunzulu bokukhutshwa, ukutshaja kunye nokukhutshwa kwamazinga, ubushushu, kunye nokugcinwa kunye nokunyamekela, kunokuchaphazela ukubalwa komjikelo wokuhlaziya ibhetri yelanga. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeebhetri zelanga zinemijikelo eyohlukeneyo yokutshaja kwakhona, kunye neebhetri ze-lithium-ion ezinikezela ngenani eliphezulu. Njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubeka nokuhambela phambili, sinokulindela ukubona izinto ezintsha kunye nophuculo kwitekhnoloji yebhetri yelanga, ekhokelela kwibalo lomjikelo wokutshaja ngakumbi kunye nokuzimela okukhulu kwamandla kubathengi nakumashishini.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-12-2024
