Ingxaki yamandla yaseYurophu iqhubela phambili kwimfuno yokugcina amandla asekhaya

Njengoko imarike yamandla yaseYurophu iqhubeka nokuguquguquka, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ombane kunye negesi yendalo kuye kwaphinda kwavusa ingqalelo yabantu kukuzimela kwamandla kunye nokulawulwa kweendleko.

1. Imeko yangoku yokunqongophala kwamandla eYurophu

① Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso ombane kunyuse uxinzelelo kwiindleko zamandla

NgoNovemba 2023, ixabiso lombane we-wholesale kumazwe angama-28 aseYurophu linyuke laya kwi-118.5 euro / MWh, ukunyuka kwenyanga-ngenyanga kwe-44%. Ukunyuka kweendleko zamandla kubeka uxinzelelo olukhulu kubasebenzisi basekhaya nakumashishini.

Ngokukodwa ngexesha lokusebenzisa umbane ophezulu, ukungazinzi kokunikezelwa kwamandla kuye kwaqinisa ukuguquguquka kwexabiso lombane, ukuqhuba imfuno yesicelo seenkqubo zokugcina amandla.

② Ubonelelo ngegesi yendalo kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso

Ukusukela nge-20 kaDisemba 2023, ixabiso lerhasi yendalo ye-TTF yaseDatshi linyuke laya kutsho kwi-43.5 euro/MWh, linyuke nge-26% ukusuka kwindawo ephantsi ngoSeptemba 20. Oku kubonakalisa ukuxhomekeka okuqhubekayo kweYurophu kunikezelo lwegesi yendalo kunye nokunyuka kwemfuno ngexesha lencopho yasebusika.

③ Umngcipheko owandisiweyo wokuxhomekeka kumandla ngaphandle

IYurophu ilahlekelwe sisixa esikhulu sobonelelo ngegesi yendalo ngexabiso eliphantsi emva kwengxabano yaseRashiya ne-Ukrainian. Nangona iye yandisa iinzame zayo zokungenisa i-LNG evela e-United States naseMbindi Mpuma, iindleko zinyuke kakhulu, kwaye ingxaki yamandla ayizange ithotywe ngokupheleleyo.

2. Amandla okuqhuba asemva kokukhula kwemfuno yogcino lwamandla omzi

① Imfuno engxamisekileyo yokunciphisa iindleko zombane

Ukuguquguquka rhoqo kumaxabiso ombane kwenza kube lula kubasebenzisi ukugcina umbane xa amaxabiso ombane ephantsi kwaye basebenzise umbane xa ixabiso lombane liphezulu ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zokugcina amandla. Idatha ibonisa ukuba iindleko zombane zamakhaya axhotyiswe ngeenkqubo zokugcina amandla zingancitshiswa nge-30% -50%.

② Ukuzuza ukuzimela ngamandla

Ukungazinzi kwegesi yendalo kunye nokunikezelwa kombane kuye kwabangela ukuba abasebenzisi basekhaya bakhethe ukufaka i-photovoltaic + iinkqubo zokugcina amandla ukuze kuphuculwe ukuzimela kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwamandla angaphandle.

③ Iinkuthazo zomgaqo-nkqubo zilukhuthaze kakhulu uphuhliso logcino lwamandla

IJamani, iFransi, iItali kunye namanye amazwe azise uluhlu lwemigaqo-nkqubo ukukhuthaza ukuthandwa kweenkqubo zokugcina amandla ezindlini. Umzekelo, "uMthetho weRhafu woNyaka" waseJamani ukhulula i-photovoltaic encinci kunye neenkqubo zokugcina amandla kwirhafu eyongeziweyo, ngelixa ubonelela ngenkxaso yofakelo.

④ Inkqubela yetekhnoloji inciphisa iindleko zeenkqubo zokugcina amandla

Ngokuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kweteknoloji yebhethri ye-lithium, ixabiso leenkqubo zokugcina amandla liye lahla unyaka nonyaka. Ngokutsho kwedatha evela kwi-International Energy Agency (IEA), ukususela ngo-2023, iindleko zokuvelisa iibhetri ze-lithium ziye zehla malunga ne-15%, ziphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwezoqoqosho kwiinkqubo zokugcina amandla.

3. Ubume beMarike kunye neeNdlela eziNgqongileyo zekamva

① Isimo seMarike yoGcino lwaMandla oMzi waseYurophu

Ngo-2023, imfuno yogcino lwamandla asekhaya eYurophu iya kukhula ngokukhawuleza, kunye nogcino lwamandla olutsha olufakelweyo malunga ne-5.1GWh. Eli nani ngokwesiseko ligaya uluhlu lwempahla ekupheleni kuka-2022 (5.2GWh).

Njengeyona marike inkulu yokugcina amandla kwikhaya eYurophu, iJamani ithatha phantse i-60% yemalike iyonke, ngenxa yenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo kunye namaxabiso aphezulu ombane.

② Amathuba okukhula kwemarike

Ukukhula kwexesha elifutshane: Ngo-2024, nangona izinga lokukhula kwimakethi yokugcina amandla ehlabathi kulindeleke ukuba yehle, ngokunyuka konyaka nonyaka malunga ne-11%, imakethi yogcino lwamandla kwikhaya laseYurophu iya kuhlala ikhula ngamandla. ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokunqongophala kwamandla kunye nenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo.

Ukukhula kwexesha eliphakathi kunye nexesha elide: Kulindeleke ukuba ngo-2028, umthamo ofakelweyo wemarike yogcino lwamandla kwikhaya laseYurophu uya kudlula i-50GWh, kunye nesantya sokukhula komndilili wonyaka wama-20% -25%.

③ Itekhnoloji kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wokuqhuba

Itekhnoloji yegridi ye-Smart: Igridi eqhutywa yi-AI kunye netekhnoloji yokuphucula amandla ngakumbi iphucula ukusebenza kweenkqubo zokugcina amandla kwaye inceda abasebenzisi ukulawula ngcono imithwalo yamandla.
Ukuxhaswa komgaqo-nkqubo oqhubekayo: Ukongeza kwiinkxaso-mali kunye nokukhuthaza irhafu, amazwe aceba kwakhona ukudlulisa umthetho wokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwe-photovoltaic kunye neenkqubo zokugcina amandla. Ngokomzekelo, iFransi iceba ukongeza i-10GWh yeeprojekthi zokugcina amandla ezindlini ngo-2025.