Kaydinta tamarta waxaa loola jeedaa habka kaydinta tamarta iyada oo loo marayo dhexdhexaad ama qalab oo lagu sii daayo marka loo baahdo. Sida caadiga ah, kaydinta tamarta inta badan waxa loola jeedaa kaydinta tamarta korantada. Si fudud loo dhigo, kaydinta tamarta waa in la kaydiyo korontada oo la isticmaalo marka loo baahdo.
Kaydinta tamarta waxay ku lug leedahay beero aad u ballaaran. Marka loo eego qaabka tamarta ee ku lug leh habka kaydinta tamarta, tignoolajiyada kaydinta tamarta waxaa loo qaybin karaa kaydinta tamarta jirka iyo kaydinta tamarta kiimikada.
● Kaydinta tamarta jidhku waa kaydinta tamarta iyada oo loo marayo isbeddello jireed, taas oo loo qaybin karo kaydinta tamarta cuf-jiidadka, kaydinta tamarta laastikada, kaydinta tamarta kinetic, kaydinta qabowga iyo kulaylka, kaydinta tamarta superconducting iyo kaydinta tamarta supercapacitor. Waxaa ka mid ah, kaydinta tamarta superconducting waa tignoolajiyada kaliya ee si toos ah u kaydisa tamarta korontada.
● Keydinta tamarta kiimikadu waa kaydinta tamarta walxaha iyada oo loo marayo isbeddel kiimikaad, oo ay ku jiraan kaydinta tamarta batteriga ee labaad, kaydinta tamarta tamarta batteriga, kaydinta tamarta koodhka, kaydinta tamarta birta, iwm. Kaydinta tamarta korantada waa ereyga guud ee tamarta batteriga. kaydinta.
Ujeedada kaydinta tamartu waa in loo isticmaalo tamarta korantada ee kaydsan sidii ilo tamar nidaamisa dabacsanaan leh, kaydinta tamarta marka xadhkaha xadhkaha goosha yar yahay, iyo soo saarida tamarta marka uu culaysku sarreeyo, xiirashada ugu sarreysa iyo buuxinta dooxa
Mashruuca kaydinta tamarta waxa uu la mid yahay "bangi koronto" weyn oo u baahan in la dallaco, la kaydiyo, lana keeno. Laga soo bilaabo wax soo saarka ilaa isticmaalka, tamarta korontadu guud ahaan waxay soo martaa saddexdan tallaabo: soo saarista koronto (warshado koronto, saldhigyo koronto) → gaadiidka korontada (shirkadaha xajka) → isticmaalka korontada (guryaha, warshadaha).
Kaydinta tamarta waxaa lagu dhisi karaa saddexda xiriiriye ee kor ku xusan, sidaas awgeed, xaaladaha codsiga ee kaydinta tamarta waxaa loo qaybin karaa:Keydinta tamarta dhinaca abuurista, kaydinta tamarta dhinaca shabagga ah, iyo kaydinta tamarta dhinaca isticmaale .
02
Saddex xaaladood oo codsi oo waaweyn oo kaydinta tamarta ah
Kaydinta tamarta ee dhinaca tamarta
Kaydinta tamarta ee dhinaca korontadu waxay sidoo kale loo yaqaannaa kaydinta tamarta ee dhinaca tamarta ama kaydinta tamarta ee dhinaca tamarta. Waxaa inta badan laga dhisay warshado koronto kulayl oo kala duwan, beeraha dabaysha, iyo saldhigyada korontada ee sawir-voltaic ah. Waa xarun taageero oo ay isticmaalaan noocyada kala duwan ee dhirta korontada si kor loogu qaado badbaadada iyo hawlgalka xasilloon ee nidaamka korontada. Inta badan waxaa ka mid ah kaydinta tamarta dhaqameed ee ku salaysan kaydinta bamka iyo kaydinta tamarta cusub ee ku salaysan kaydinta tamarta korantada, kulaylka (qabow) kaydinta tamarta, kaydinta tamarta hawada oo ciriiri ah, kaydinta tamarta duuliyaha iyo hydrogen (ammonia) kaydinta tamarta.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, waxaa jira laba nooc oo waaweyn oo kaydinta tamarta ah oo ku yaal dhinaca tamarta tamarta ee Shiinaha.Nooca koowaad waa tamarta kulaylka leh kaydinta tamarta. Taasi waa, iyada oo loo marayo habka awoodda kulaylka + kaydinta tamarta isku dhafan nidaaminta soo noqnoqoshada, faa'iidooyinka kaydinta tamarta ee jawaabta degdegga ah ayaa la keenayaa ciyaarta, xawaaraha jawaabta unugyada tamarta kulaylka ayaa farsamo ahaan la wanaajiyey, iyo awoodda jawaabta awoodda kulaylka ee nidaamka tamarta waa la hagaajiyay. Kaydinta tamarta kiimikada qaybinta kulaylka ayaa si weyn looga isticmaalay Shiinaha. Shanxi, Guangdong, Inner Mongolia, Hebei iyo meelo kale waxay leeyihiin dhinaca tamarta kulaylka oo la isku daray mashaariicda nidaaminta soo noqnoqda.
Qaybta labaad waa tamar cusub oo leh kayd tamarta. Marka la barbardhigo awoodda kulaylka, tamarta dabaysha iyo awoodda sawir-qaadista ayaa ah mid aad u kala-go'an oo isbeddelaya: ugu sarreeya ee soo-saarka korontadu waxay ku urursan tahay maalintii, oo si toos ah uma dhigmi karto heerka ugu sarreeya ee baahida korontada ee fiidkii iyo habeenkii; heerka ugu sarreeya ee tamarta dabayshu waa mid aan xasilloonayn maalin gudaheed, waxaana jira kala duwanaansho xilliyeed; Kaydinta tamarta korantada, sida "dejinta" tamar cusub, waxay hagaajin kartaa isbedbeddelka, taas oo aan hagaajin karin awoodda isticmaalka tamarta deegaanka, laakiin sidoo kale waxay caawisaa isticmaalka ka baxsan goobta tamarta cusub.
Kaydinta tamarta dhinaca-shabagga ah
Kaydinta tamarta-dhinaca tamarta waxa loola jeedaa agabka kaydinta tamarta ee nidaamka korantada kaas oo ay si isku mid ah u diri karaan wakaaladaha korontada, ka jawaaba baahiyaha dabacsanaanta shabakada korontada, oo ciyaara door caalami ah oo nidaamsan. Sida ku cad qeexitaankan, goobta laga dhisayo mashaariicda kaydinta tamarta ma aha mid xaddidan oo maalgashiga iyo hay'adaha dhismuhu waa kala duwan yihiin.
Codsiyada inta badan waxaa ka mid ah adeegyada caawinta tamarta sida xiirashada ugu sarreysa, nidaaminta soo noqnoqoshada, korantada kaydinta iyo adeegyada cusub sida kaydinta tamarta madaxbannaan. Adeeg bixiyayaasha inta badan waxaa ka mid ah shirkadaha korontada dhaliya, shirkadaha korontadu, isticmaalayaasha korontada oo ka qayb qaadanaya wax kala iibsiga suuqa, shirkadaha kaydinta tamarta, iwm. Ujeedada ayaa ah in la ilaaliyo badbaadada iyo xasiloonida nidaamka korontada iyo hubinta tayada korontada.
Kaydinta tamarta dhinaca adeegsadaha
Kaydinta tamarta-dhinaca isticmaaluhu waxay inta badan tixraacdaa saldhigyada tamarta kaydinta tamarta ee loo dhisay si waafaqsan baahida isticmaale ee xaaladaha kala duwan ee isticmaalka korantada isticmaalaha iyada oo ujeedadu tahay in la dhimo kharashyada korantada ee isticmaalaha lana yareeyo dhimista korontada iyo khasaaraha xaddidaadda korontada. Habka faa'iidada ugu weyn ee kaydinta tamarta warshadaha iyo ganacsiga ee Shiinaha waa garqaadista qiimaha korantada ee dooxada ugu sarreysa. Kaydinta tamarta dhinac-isticmaalka waxay ka caawin kartaa dadka guriga leh inay badbaadiyaan kharashyada korontada iyagoo ku dallaca habeenkii marka korontadu yar tahay oo bixisa maalinta marka isticmaalka korontadu uu sarreeyo. The
Komishanka Horumarinta iyo Dib-u-habaynta Qaranka ayaa soo saaray "Ogaysiis ku saabsan in la sii wanaajiyo habka qiimaha korontada ee waqtiga-isticmaalka", taas oo u baahan in meelaha nidaamka farqiga u sarreeya ee dooxa uu dhaafo 40%, farqiga qiimaha korontadu ee dooxada ugu sarreysa waa inuusan yarayn. In ka badan 4:1 mabda'a, iyo meelaha kale waa in aanay ka yarayn 3:1 mabda'a ahaan. Qiimaha korantada ugu sarreeya waa inuusan ka yarayn 20% qiimaha ugu sarreeya mabda'a ahaan. Balaadhinta farqiga qiimaha dooxada ugu sarreysa ayaa dhidibbada u taagay horumarinta baaxadda weyn ee kaydinta tamarta dhinaca adeegsadaha.
03
Rajada horumarinta tignoolajiyada kaydinta tamarta
Guud ahaan, horumarinta tignoolajiyada kaydinta tamarta iyo adeegsiga baaxadda weyn ee aaladaha kaydinta tamarta ma aha oo kaliya inay si fiican u dammaanad qaadaan baahida korantada ee dadka iyo in la hubiyo hawlgalka badbaadada iyo xasilloonida ee shabakada korantada, laakiin sidoo kale waxay si weyn u kordhin kartaa saamiga tamarta la cusboonaysiin karo. , yareeyaan qiiqa kaarboonka, waxayna gacan ka geystaan xaqiijinta "kaarboonka ugu sarreeya iyo dhexdhexaadnimada kaarboonka".
Si kastaba ha noqotee, maadaama qaar ka mid ah teknoolojiyadda kaydinta tamarta ay wali ku jiraan dhallaankooda iyo codsiyada qaarkood aysan weli qaan gaarin, weli waxaa jira meel badan oo loogu talagalay horumarinta dhammaan teknolojiyadda kaydinta tamarta. Marxaladdan, dhibaatooyinka ay la kulmaan tignoolajiyada kaydinta tamarta inta badan waxaa ka mid ah labadan qaybood:
1) Cilladaha horumarinta ee baytariyada kaydinta tamarta: ilaalinta deegaanka, hufnaanta sare, iyo qiimo jaban. Sida loo horumariyo bey'ada saaxiibtinimo, waxqabadka sare, iyo baytariyada jaban waa mawduuc muhiim ah oo ku saabsan goobta cilmi-baarista kaydinta tamarta iyo horumarinta. Kaliya marka si dabiici ah loo isku daro saddexdan qodob waxaynu u dhaqaaqi karnaa suuqgeyn si dhakhso ah oo ka sii wanaagsan.
2) Horumarinta teknoolajiyada kaydinta tamarta ee kala duwan: Tignoolajiyada kaydinta tamarta kasta waxay leedahay faa'iidooyin iyo faa'iidooyin u gaar ah, tignoolajiyad kastaa waxay leedahay goob gaar ah. Marka la eego qaar ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka la taaban karo ee marxaladan, haddii tignoolajiyada kaydinta tamarta kala duwan si wadajir ah loo wada isticmaali karo si dabiici ah, saameynta ka faa'iidaysiga awoodaha iyo ka fogaanshaha daciifnimada waa la gaari karaa, laba jeer natiijada kala bar dadaalka ayaa la gaari karaa. Tani waxay sidoo kale noqon doontaa jihada cilmi-baarista ee muhiimka ah ee goobta kaydinta tamarta.
Sida taageerada asaasiga ah ee horumarinta tamarta cusub, kaydinta tamarta ayaa ah tignoolajiyada udub-dhexaadka u ah beddelka tamarta iyo kaydinta, nidaaminta ugu sarreysa iyo hagaajinta hufnaanta, gudbinta iyo jadwalka, maamulka iyo codsiga. Waxay ku socotaa dhammaan dhinacyada horumarinta tamarta cusub iyo ka faa'iidaysiga. Sidaa darteed, hal-abuurka iyo horumarinta tignoolajiyada cusub ee kaydinta tamarta ayaa waddada u xaari doona isbeddelka tamarta mustaqbalka.
Ku biir Amensolar ESS, hogaamiyaha lagu kalsoon yahay ee kaydinta tamarta guriga oo leh 12 sano oo hurid ah, oo ku kordhi meheraddaada xalalkayada la xaqiijiyay.
Waqtiga boostada: Abriil-30-2024
