Ubwoko bushya bwa batiri bubika ingufu zirimo bateri ya pompe ya pompe, bateri ya aside-aside, bateri ya lithium, bateri ya nikel-kadmium, na bateri ya hydride ya nikel. Ubwoko bwo kubika ingufu buzagaragaza aho bukoreshwa, kandi ubwoko bwa batiri bubika ingufu zifite ibyiza nibibi. Dore ibisobanuro birambuye kuri buri bwoko bwa bateri no gusesengura ibyiza n'ibibi:
1. Bateri ya hydro pompe:
Amashanyarazi ya hydro pompe aracyafite uruhare runini kwisi murwego rwo kubika ingufu. Ububiko bw'amazi yavomwe ni bwo bukoreshwa cyane, kandi kubika ingufu z'amashanyarazi bibara igice gito. Amashanyarazi ya hydro pompe abika ingufu mukuvoma amazi ahantu hake kugeza ahantu hirengeye, hanyuma ukamanura amazi ahantu hirengeye mugihe bikenewe, ugahindura ingufu zamazi mumashanyarazi binyuze mumashanyarazi ya turbine. Ibyiza byayo birimo guhinduranya cyane, ubushobozi bwo kubika, igihe kinini cyo kubika, gukora neza, kuramba, nibindi.
2. Batiri ya aside-aside:
Bateri ya aside-aside ni ubwoko bwa bateri yo kubika. Electrode yayo ikozwe cyane cyane na gurşide na okiside, kandi electrolyte ni umuti wa acide sulfurike. Mugihe cyashizwemo na bateri ya aside-aside, igice cyingenzi cya electrode nziza ni dioxyde de gurş, naho igice cyingenzi cya electrode mbi ni gurş; muri reta yasohotse, ibice byingenzi bigize electrode nziza kandi mbi byombi ni sulfate. Ibyiza bya bateri ya aside-aside irimo igiciro gito, kubungabunga byoroshye, igihe kirekire cya serivisi, hamwe nubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ibintu byinshi bigezweho. Ibibi ni imbaraga zayo nkeya, uburemere buremereye, kandi ntibikwiriye gukoreshwa cyane.
3. Batiri ya Litiyumu:
Batiri ya Litiyumu ni ubwoko bwa bateri ikoresha ibyuma bya lithium cyangwa lithium alloy nkibikoresho bya electrode mbi kandi ikoresha igisubizo cya electrolyte idafite amazi. Batteri ya Litiyumu irashobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri: bateri ya lithium-metal na batiri ya lithium-ion. Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion ntabwo irimo lithium metallic kandi irashobora kwishyurwa. Batteri ya Litiyumu isanzwe ikoresha dioxyde ya manganese nkibikoresho byiza bya electrode nziza, lithium metallic cyangwa ibyuma byayo bivanze nkibikoresho bya electrode mbi hamwe nigisubizo kitari amazi ya electrolyte. Ibyiza bya bateri ya lithium harimo ingufu nyinshi, uburemere, nta ngaruka zo kwibuka, igihe gito cyo kwishyuza, ubuzima bwa serivisi ndende, nibindi.
4. Bateri ya Nickel-kadmium:
Bateri ya Nickel-kadmium irashobora kwishyurwa no gusohora inshuro zirenga 500 kandi ifite ubukungu kandi iramba. Kurwanya imbere kwayo ni nto, kurwanya imbere kwayo ni nto cyane, irashobora kwishyuza vuba, irashobora gutanga umuyoboro munini kumuzigo, kandi voltage ihinduka bike cyane mugihe cyo gusohora. Nibikoresho byiza cyane DC itanga amashanyarazi. Ugereranije nubundi bwoko bwa bateri, bateri ya nikel-kadmium irashobora kwihanganira kwishyurwa hejuru cyangwa gusohora cyane. Ibyiza byayo harimo ingufu nyinshi zisohoka, kurwanya imbere imbere, kuramba, nibindi.
Batteri ya Litiyumu yahinduye uburyo tubika kandi dukoresha ingufu mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi. Izi mbaraga zishobora kwishyurwa ziri ku isonga mu guhanga udushya, zitanga inyungu zitabarika zituma biba byiza kubikemura ingufu zo murugo. Mu bwoko butandukanye bwa bateri ya lithium, bateri ya lithium-ion igaragara neza kugirango ikore neza kandi yizewe, bigatuma ihitamo gukundwa gukoreshwa.
Batteri ya Litiyumu nziza cyane mubice byinshi byingenzi bituma itunganywa neza murugo. Kimwe mubyiza byabo byibanze ni ubwinshi bwingufu zabo, zibafasha kubika ingufu nyinshi mumapaki yoroheje kandi yoroheje. Igishushanyo mbonera ni ingirakamaro cyane cyane mugutura aho umwanya ushobora kuba muto.
Iyindi nyungu ikomeye ya bateri ya lithium nukubura imbaraga zo kwibuka, bitandukanye na bateri gakondo ya nikel-kadmium. Ibi bivuze ko abakoresha bashobora kwishyuza no gusohora bateri ya lithium igihe icyo aricyo cyose nta mpungenge zo kugabanya ubushobozi bwabo muri rusange. Byongeye kandi, bateri ya lithium ifite igihe gito cyo kwishyuza, itanga uburyo bwo kwishyuza byihuse kandi byoroshye mugihe bikenewe.
Kimwe mu bintu bigaragara muri bateri ya lithium ikwiranye no kubika ingufu murugo ni igihe kirekire cyo gukora. Hamwe nubushobozi bwo kwihanganira inzinguzingo zigera ku 6000 zo kwishyuza no gusohora, bateri zitanga igihe kirekire kandi cyizewe cyo gukoresha igihe kirekire. Uku kuramba kurashigikirwa kandi na garanti ishimishije yimyaka 10, igaha ba nyiri amazu amahoro yumutima nicyizere mubushoramari bwabo.
Amensolar, nkumushinga wambere wa batiri ya lithium yo murugo, yihagararaho kumwanya wambere winganda zibika ingufu. Ubwitange bwabo mubyiza no guhanga udushya bugaragarira mubuhanga buhanitse bukoreshwa mugukora bateri zitanga imikorere idasanzwe kandi yizewe. Mugutanga bateri ya lithium ifite ubuzima bwigihe kigera kuri 6000 hamwe na garanti yimyaka 10, Amensolar yemeza ko abakiriya bahabwa ibicuruzwa byiza byujuje ibyifuzo byabo byo kubika ingufu neza.
Mu gusoza, bateri ya lithium yerekana umukino uhindura umukino wo kubika ingufu murugo, utanga imikorere ntagereranywa kandi yizewe. Nimbaraga zabo nyinshi, igishushanyo cyoroheje, ubuzima bwa serivisi ndende, hamwe nubushobozi bwihuse bwo kwishyuza, bateri za lithium ziva mubakora nka Amensolar zishyiraho ibipimo bishya bya sisitemu yo kubika ingufu zo guturamo. Kwakira imbaraga za bateri ya lithium irashobora guhindura uburyo ducunga no gukoresha ingufu murugo rwacu, bigatanga inzira y'ejo hazaza harambye kandi neza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-02-2024
