Kubika ingufu bivuga inzira yo kubika ingufu binyuze mu gikoresho cyangwa igikoresho no kukirekura igihe bikenewe. Mubisanzwe, kubika ingufu bivuga ahanini kubika ingufu z'amashanyarazi. Muri make, kubika ingufu ni ukubika amashanyarazi no kuyakoresha mugihe bikenewe.
Kubika ingufu zirimo intera nini cyane yimirima. Ukurikije uburyo bwingufu zigira uruhare mubikorwa byo kubika ingufu, tekinoroji yo kubika ingufu irashobora kugabanywa mububiko bwingufu zumubiri no kubika ingufu za chimique.
Storage Kubika ingufu z'umubiri ni ukubika ingufu binyuze mu mpinduka zifatika, zishobora kugabanywa mu kubika ingufu za rukuruzi, kubika ingufu za elastique, kubika ingufu za kinetic, kubika ubukonje n'ubushyuhe, kubika ingufu zidasanzwe no kubika ingufu za supercapacitor. Muri byo, kubika ingufu zidasanzwe ni tekinoroji yonyine ibika neza amashanyarazi.
Storage Kubika ingufu za chimique ni ukubika ingufu mubintu binyuze mumihindagurikire yimiti, harimo kubika ingufu za batiri ya kabiri, kubika ingufu za batiri, kubika ingufu za hydrogène, kubika ingufu zivanze, kubika ingufu zicyuma, nibindi. Kubika ingufu zamashanyarazi nijambo rusange ryingufu za batiri ububiko.
Intego yo kubika ingufu nugukoresha ingufu zamashanyarazi zabitswe nkibintu byoroshye kugenzura isoko yingufu, kubika ingufu mugihe umutwaro wa gride ari muke, no gusohora ingufu mugihe umutwaro wa gride ari mwinshi, kugirango kogosha impinga no kuzuza ikibaya cya gride.
Umushinga wo kubika ingufu ni nka "banki nini" nini igomba kwishyurwa, kubikwa, no gutangwa. Kuva ku musaruro ukoreshwa, ingufu z'amashanyarazi muri rusange zinyura muri izi ntambwe eshatu: kubyara amashanyarazi (amashanyarazi, sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi) → gutwara amashanyarazi (amasosiyete ya gride) → ukoresheje amashanyarazi (amazu, inganda).
Ububiko bw'ingufu burashobora gushirwaho mumirongo itatu yavuzwe haruguru, kubwibyo, uburyo bwo kubika ingufu zishobora kugabanywamo:ingufu zitanga ingufu kuruhande rwububiko, gride kuruhande rwingufu, hamwe no kubika ingufu kuruhande.
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Ibintu bitatu byingenzi bikoreshwa muburyo bwo kubika ingufu
Kubika ingufu kuruhande rwamashanyarazi
Kubika ingufu kuruhande rwamashanyarazi birashobora kandi kwitwa kubika ingufu kuruhande rwamashanyarazi cyangwa kubika ingufu kuruhande rwamashanyarazi. Yubatswe cyane cyane mumashanyarazi atandukanye yumuriro, mumirima yumuyaga, hamwe na sitasiyo yamashanyarazi. Nibikoresho bifasha bikoreshwa nubwoko butandukanye bwamashanyarazi kugirango bateze imbere imikorere yumutekano kandi ihamye ya sisitemu yamashanyarazi. Harimo cyane cyane ububiko bwingufu gakondo bushingiye kububiko bwa pompe nububiko bushya bushingiye kububiko bwingufu zamashanyarazi, kubika ingufu (ubukonje) kubika ingufu, guhunika ingufu zo mu kirere zihunitse, kubika ingufu za flawheel hamwe no kubika ingufu za hydrogène (amoniya).
Kugeza ubu, hari ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi bwo kubika ingufu kuruhande rwamashanyarazi mubushinwa.Ubwoko bwa mbere nimbaraga zumuriro hamwe nububiko bwingufu. Nukuvuga ko, binyuze muburyo bwo gukoresha ingufu zumuriro + kubika ingufu hamwe no kugenzura inshuro nyinshi, ibyiza byo kubika ingufu byihuse byashyizwe mubikorwa, umuvuduko wo gusubiza amashanyarazi yumuriro uratera imbere muburyo bwa tekiniki, hamwe nubushobozi bwo gusubiza ingufu zumuriro kuri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi. ni Byahinduwe. Gukwirakwiza ingufu z'amashanyarazi kubika ingufu zikoreshwa mubushinwa byakoreshejwe cyane mubushinwa. Shanxi, Guangdong, Mongoliya Yimbere, Hebei nahandi hantu bafite amashanyarazi yumuriro uruhande ruhuza imishinga yo kugenzura imirongo.
Icyiciro cya kabiri nimbaraga nshya hamwe no kubika ingufu. Ugereranije nimbaraga zumuriro, ingufu zumuyaga nimbaraga za Photovoltaque zirahuzagurika cyane kandi zihindagurika: impinga yumuriro wamashanyarazi yibanda kumanywa, kandi ntishobora guhuza neza numubare w'amashanyarazi nimugoroba na nijoro; impinga yo kubyara ingufu z'umuyaga ntizihinduka cyane mumunsi umwe, kandi hariho itandukaniro ryigihe; kubika ingufu z'amashanyarazi, nka "stabilisateur" yingufu nshya, birashobora kugabanya ihindagurika, ridashobora kuzamura ubushobozi bw’imikoreshereze y’ingufu zaho gusa, ahubwo rifasha no gukoresha hanze y’ingufu nshya.
Kubika ingufu-kuruhande
Kubika amashanyarazi kuruhande rwububiko bivuga ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu muri sisitemu yingufu zishobora koherezwa kimwe ninzego zohereza amashanyarazi, zigasubiza ibyifuzo byingufu zumuriro w'amashanyarazi, kandi bikagira uruhare kwisi yose kandi itunganijwe. Muri ubu busobanuro, aho kubaka imishinga yo kubika ingufu ntibibujijwe kandi ishoramari n’ibigo byubaka biratandukanye.
Porogaramu zirimo serivisi zifasha amashanyarazi nko kogosha impinga, kugenzura inshuro nyinshi, kugarura amashanyarazi hamwe na serivisi zigezweho nko kubika ingufu zigenga. Abatanga serivise barimo cyane cyane amasosiyete atanga amashanyarazi, amasosiyete akoresha amashanyarazi, abakoresha amashanyarazi bitabira ibikorwa bishingiye ku isoko, amasosiyete abika ingufu, nibindi. Intego ni ukubungabunga umutekano n’umutekano wa sisitemu y’amashanyarazi no kwemeza ubwiza bw’amashanyarazi.
Kubika ingufu-kuruhande
Ububiko bw'ingufu zikoreshwa kuruhande rusanzwe bivuga sitasiyo yo kubika ingufu zubatswe ukurikije ibyo abakoresha bakeneye muburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi hagamijwe kugabanya ibiciro by'amashanyarazi no kugabanya umuriro w'amashanyarazi no gutakaza amashanyarazi. Uburyo nyamukuru bwinyungu zo kubika ingufu zinganda nubucuruzi mubushinwa nubukemurampaka bwibiciro byamashanyarazi. Kubika ingufu kuruhande rwabakoresha birashobora gufasha banyiri urugo kuzigama amashanyarazi mukwishyuza nijoro mugihe umuyoboro wamashanyarazi ari muke kandi ugasohora kumanywa mugihe amashanyarazi ari menshi. Uwiteka
Komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura yasohoye "Itangazo ryo kurushaho kunoza uburyo bwo gukoresha igihe cy’imikoreshereze y’ibiciro by’amashanyarazi", isaba ko ahantu hagaragara igipimo cy’itandukaniro ry’imisozi n’ikibaya kirenga 40%, itandukaniro ry’ibiciro by’amashanyarazi ntirigomba kuba rito kurenza 4: 1 muburyo, naho ahandi ntibigomba kuba munsi ya 3: 1 muburyo bumwe. Igiciro cyamashanyarazi ntarengwa ntigomba kuba munsi ya 20% kurenza igiciro cyamashanyarazi. Kwaguka kw'ibiciro byo hejuru yibibaya byashizeho urufatiro rwiterambere rinini ryiterambere ryabakoresha kuruhande.
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Amajyambere yiterambere rya tekinoroji yo kubika ingufu
Muri rusange, iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo kubika ingufu hamwe n’ikoreshwa ryinshi ry’ibikoresho bibika ingufu ntibishobora gusa kwemeza neza ko abantu bakeneye amashanyarazi kandi bikanatuma imikorere y’amashanyarazi itekanye kandi ihamye, ariko kandi byongera cyane umubare w’amashanyarazi ashobora kongera ingufu. , kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere, kandi igire uruhare mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya "impanuka ya karubone no kutabogama kwa karubone".
Nyamara, kubera ko tekinoroji yo kubika ingufu zikiri mu ntangiriro kandi porogaramu zimwe na zimwe zikaba zitarakura, haracyari byinshi byo kwiteza imbere murwego rwose rwikoranabuhanga rwo kubika ingufu. Kuri iki cyiciro, ibibazo byugarije tekinoroji yo kubika ingufu harimo cyane cyane ibi bice byombi:
1) Iterambere ryiterambere rya bateri zibika ingufu: kurengera ibidukikije, gukora neza, nigiciro gito. Nigute wateza imbere ibidukikije bitangiza ibidukikije, bikora neza, na bateri zihenze ni ingingo yingenzi mubijyanye nubushakashatsi bwo kubika ingufu niterambere. Gusa muburyo bwo guhuza izi ngingo uko ari eshatu turashobora kwerekeza kumasoko byihuse kandi byiza.
2) Iterambere rihuriweho na tekinoroji yo kubika ingufu zitandukanye: Buri tekinoroji yo kubika ingufu ifite ibyiza byayo nibibi, kandi buri tekinoroji ifite umurima wihariye. Urebye ibibazo bimwe bifatika muriki cyiciro, niba tekinoroji zitandukanye zo kubika ingufu zishobora gukoreshwa hamwe kama, ingaruka zo gukoresha imbaraga no kwirinda intege nke zirashobora kugerwaho, kandi inshuro ebyiri ibisubizo hamwe nigice cyimbaraga zirashobora kugerwaho. Ibi kandi bizahinduka icyerekezo cyingenzi cyubushakashatsi mubijyanye no kubika ingufu.
Nka nkunga yibanze yo guteza imbere ingufu nshya, kubika ingufu nubuhanga bwibanze bwo guhindura ingufu no guhinduranya, kugenzura impinga no kunoza imikorere, guhererekanya no guteganya, kuyobora no gushyira mubikorwa. Ikoresha mubice byose byiterambere rishya no kuyikoresha. Kubwibyo, guhanga udushya no guteza imbere tekinoroji nshya yo kubika ingufu bizatanga inzira yo guhindura ingufu zizaza.
Injira Amensolar ESS, umuyobozi wizewe mububiko bwingufu zo murugo hamwe nimyaka 12 yo kwitanga, kandi wagure ubucuruzi bwawe nibisubizo byemejwe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-30-2024
