Mu myaka yashize, tekinoroji y’amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi yateye imbere cyane, kandi ubushobozi bwashyizweho bwiyongereye vuba. Nyamara, amashanyarazi yerekana amashanyarazi afite ibitagenda neza nkigihe kimwe kandi ntigishobora kugenzurwa. Mbere yuko ikemurwa, nini nini yo kugera kuri gride yamashanyarazi bizana ingaruka zikomeye kandi bigira ingaruka kumikorere ihamye ya gride. . Ongeraho ingufu zibika ingufu zishobora gutuma amashanyarazi yifotora neza kandi neza kuri gride, kandi nini nini yo kugera kuri gride ntabwo bizagira ingaruka kumurongo wa gride. Kandi Photovoltaic + ububiko bwingufu, sisitemu ifite intera yagutse yo gusaba.
Sisitemu yo kubika Photovoltaque, harimo modul izuba, abagenzuzi,inverter, bateri, imizigo n'ibindi bikoresho. Kugeza ubu, hari inzira nyinshi za tekiniki, ariko ingufu zigomba gukusanywa mugihe runaka. Kugeza ubu, hano hari topologiya ebyiri: guhuza DC "DC Coupling" na AC guhuza "AC Coupling".
1 DC hamwe
Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira, imbaraga za DC zakozwe na module ya Photovoltaque zibikwa mumapaki ya bateri binyuze mumugenzuzi, kandi gride irashobora kandi kwishyuza bateri ikoresheje icyerekezo cya DC-AC. Ikusanyirizo ry'ingufu riri kuri bateri ya DC.
Ihame ryakazi ryo guhuza DC: iyo sisitemu ya Photovoltaque ikora, umugenzuzi wa MPPT akoreshwa mukwishyuza bateri; mugihe umutwaro w'amashanyarazi ukenewe, bateri izarekura ingufu, kandi ikigezweho nikigenwa numutwaro. Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu ihujwe na gride. Niba umutwaro ari muto kandi bateri yuzuye, sisitemu ya Photovoltaque irashobora gutanga ingufu kuri gride. Iyo imbaraga zumutwaro ziruta imbaraga za PV, gride na PV birashobora gutanga ingufu mumitwaro icyarimwe. Kuberako ingufu za Photovoltaque no gukoresha ingufu zidakoreshwa neza, birakenewe kwishingikiriza kuri bateri kugirango uhuze ingufu za sisitemu.
2 AC ifatanije
Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira, umuyoboro utaziguye wakozwe na module ya Photovoltaque ihindurwamo imbaraga zinyuranye zinyuze muri inverter, kandi igaburirwa mu mutwaro cyangwa yoherejwe kuri gride. Urusobe rushobora kandi kwishyuza bateri binyuze mu byerekezo byombi DC-AC ihindura ibyerekezo. Ikusanyirizo ryingufu riri kumatumanaho arangiye.
Ihame ryakazi ryo guhuza AC: ikubiyemo sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi na sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi. Sisitemu ya Photovoltaque igizwe na Photovoltaic array hamwe na gride ihuza inverter; sisitemu ya bateri igizwe nudupaki twa batiri hamwe na inverters zombi. Izi sisitemu zombi zirashobora gukora zigenga zitabangamiye, cyangwa zirashobora gutandukanywa na gride nini nini kugirango ikore micro-grid sisitemu.
Byombi DC guhuza hamwe na AC guhuza ni ibisubizo bikuze, buri kimwe gifite ibyiza n'ibibi. Ukurikije porogaramu zitandukanye, hitamo igisubizo kiboneye. Ibikurikira nigereranya ryibisubizo byombi.
Kugereranya ibiciro
Ihuriro rya DC ririmo kugenzura, guhinduranya ibyerekezo byombi no guhinduranya ibintu, guhuza AC birimo imiyoboro ihujwe na gride, inverteri ya inverter na kabili yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi. Urebye ikiguzi, umugenzuzi ahendutse kuruta gride ihuza inverter. Ihererekanyabubasha naryo rihendutse kuruta guverinoma ikwirakwiza amashanyarazi. Gahunda yo guhuza DC irashobora kandi gukorwa muburyo bwo kugenzura no guhinduranya imashini ihuriweho, ishobora kuzigama ibikoresho nibikoresho byo kwishyiriraho. Kubwibyo, ikiguzi cya gahunda yo guhuza DC ni munsi gato ugereranije na gahunda yo guhuza AC.
Kugereranya gukoreshwa
Sisitemu yo guhuza DC, umugenzuzi, bateri na inverter bihujwe murukurikirane, ihuriro ririhafi, ariko guhinduka ni bibi. Muri sisitemu yo guhuza AC, gride ihujwe na inverter, bateri yo kubika hamwe nu byerekezo byombi birasa, guhuza ntabwo gufatanye, kandi guhinduka ni byiza. Kurugero, muri sisitemu yamafoto yamaze gushyirwaho, birakenewe ko ushyiraho sisitemu yo kubika ingufu, nibyiza gukoresha AC guhuza, mugihe cyose hashyizweho bateri hamwe nu byerekezo byombi, ntabwo bizagira ingaruka kuri sisitemu yambere yifotora, kandi sisitemu yo kubika ingufu Mubisanzwe, igishushanyo ntaho gihuriye na sisitemu ya Photovoltaque kandi irashobora kugenwa ukurikije ibikenewe. Niba ari sisitemu nshya yashizwe hanze ya gride, Photovoltaque, bateri, na inverters bigomba kuba byateganijwe ukurikije imbaraga zumukoresha ukoresha hamwe nimbaraga zikoresha, kandi sisitemu yo guhuza DC irakwiriye. Nyamara, imbaraga za sisitemu yo guhuza DC ni ntoya, muri rusange munsi ya 500kW, kandi nibyiza kugenzura sisitemu nini hamwe na AC guhuza.
Kugereranya neza
Urebye uburyo bwo gukoresha amafoto yerekana amashanyarazi, gahunda zombi zifite imiterere yazo. Niba umukoresha yikoreye byinshi kumanywa na nijoro, nibyiza gukoresha AC guhuza. Moderi ya Photovoltaque itanga imbaraga mumitwaro binyuze muri gride ihuza inverter, kandi imikorere irashobora kugera kuri 96%. Niba umutwaro wumukoresha ari muto ugereranije kumanywa nibindi byinshi nijoro, kandi ingufu za Photovoltaque zigomba kubikwa kumanywa kandi zigakoreshwa nijoro, nibyiza gukoresha DC guhuza. Module ya Photovoltaque ibika amashanyarazi muri bateri ikoresheje umugenzuzi, kandi imikorere irashobora kugera kuri 95%. Niba ari AC ihuza, Photovoltaics igomba kubanza guhindurwamo ingufu za AC binyuze muri inverter, hanyuma igahinduka imbaraga za DC binyuze mumyerekezo ibiri, kandi imikorere izamanuka igera kuri 90%.
AmensolarN3Hx ikurikirana igabanya icyiciro invertersshyigikira AC guhuza kandi bigenewe kuzamura sisitemu yizuba. Twishimiye abadandaza benshi kwifatanya natwe mugutezimbere ibicuruzwa bishya. Niba ushishikajwe no kwagura ibicuruzwa byawe no gutanga iniverisite yujuje ubuziranenge kubakiriya bawe, turagutumiye gufatanya natwe kandi ukungukirwa nikoranabuhanga rigezweho kandi ryizewe ryuruhererekane rwa N3Hx. Twandikire uyu munsi kugirango tumenye aya mahirwe ashimishije yo gufatanya no kuzamuka mu nganda zishobora kongera ingufu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-15-2023
