Mitundu yatsopano ya batire yosungiramo mphamvu imaphatikizapo mabatire opopa a hydro, mabatire a lead-acid, mabatire a lithiamu, mabatire a nickel-cadmium, ndi mabatire a nickel-metal hydride. Mtundu wa kusungirako mphamvu udzatsimikizira malo ake ogwiritsira ntchito, ndipo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya batri yosungirako mphamvu imakhala ndi ubwino ndi zovuta zake. Nayi kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane kwa mtundu uliwonse wa batri ndikuwunika zabwino ndi zoyipa zake:
1. Mabatire a hydropomp:
Mabatire opopa a hydro akadali osewera kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi pankhani yosungira mphamvu. Kusungirako mphamvu yamadzi am'madzi ndi komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ndipo kusungirako mphamvu zama electrochemical kumakhala ndi gawo laling'ono. Mabatire opopa a hydro amasunga mphamvu popopa madzi kuchokera pamalo otsika kupita pamalo okwera, ndiyeno amatsitsa madziwo pamalo okwera akafunika, kutembenuza mphamvu yamadzi kukhala magetsi kudzera mu generator ya turbine. Ubwino wake umaphatikizapo kutembenuka kwapamwamba, kusungirako kwakukulu, nthawi yosungiramo nthawi yayitali, ntchito yokhazikika, moyo wautali, ndi zina zotero. Zoyipa ndizokwera mtengo wake womanga, zofunikira za mtunda, nthawi yomanga yaitali, ndi zotsatira zina pa chilengedwe.
2. Batire ya asidi-lead:
Batire la lead-acid ndi mtundu wa batire yosungira. Ma electrode ake amapangidwa makamaka ndi lead ndi ma oxides ake, ndipo electrolyte ndi njira ya sulfuric acid. M'malo opangira batire ya asidi-acid, gawo lalikulu la electrode yabwino ndi lead dioxide, ndipo gawo lalikulu la electrode yoyipa ndi lead; mu boma kutulutsidwa, zigawo zikuluzikulu za maelekitirodi zabwino ndi zoipa zonse ndi lead sulphate. Ubwino wa mabatire a lead-acid akuphatikiza mtengo wotsika, kukonza kosavuta, moyo wautali wautumiki, komanso kupirira mawotchi akuluakulu apano. Zoyipa zake ndizochepa mphamvu zake, zolemetsa, komanso zosayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri.
3. Batri ya lithiamu:
Lithium batire ndi mtundu wa batire yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito lithiamu zitsulo kapena aloyi ya lithiamu ngati zinthu zopanda ma elekitirodi ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito njira yopanda madzi ya electrolyte. Mabatire a lithiamu amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: mabatire a lithiamu-zitsulo ndi mabatire a lithiamu-ion. Mabatire a lithiamu-ion alibe zitsulo za lithiamu ndipo amatha kuchangidwanso. Mabatire achitsulo a lithiamu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito manganese dioxide ngati zinthu zabwino za elekitirodi, zitsulo za lithiamu kapena chitsulo chake cha aloyi ngati zinthu zopanda ma elekitirodi komanso njira yopanda madzi ya electrolyte. Ubwino wa mabatire a lithiamu umaphatikizapo kuchulukitsidwa kwamphamvu kwambiri, kupepuka, kusakumbukira kukumbukira, nthawi yayitali yolipira, moyo wautali wautumiki, ndi zina zambiri.
4. Battery ya Nickel-cadmium:
Batire ya Nickel-cadmium imatha kulingidwa ndikutulutsidwa kupitilira 500 ndipo ndiyopanda ndalama komanso yolimba. Kukaniza kwake kwamkati kumakhala kochepa, kukana kwake kwamkati kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, kumatha kulipira mofulumira, kungapereke mphamvu yaikulu pakalipano, ndipo magetsi ake amasintha pang'ono panthawi yotulutsa. Ndi batire yabwino kwambiri yamagetsi ya DC. Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya mabatire, mabatire a nickel-cadmium amatha kupirira kuchulukitsitsa kapena kutulutsa kwambiri. Ubwino wake umaphatikizira kutulutsa mphamvu zambiri, kukana kwamkati kochepa, moyo wautali, ndi zina zambiri.
Mabatire a lithiamu asintha momwe timasungira ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pamoyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku. Magetsi otha kuwonjezeredwansowa ali patsogolo pazatsopano, zopatsa zabwino zambiri zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa mayankho osungira mphamvu kunyumba. Pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mabatire a lithiamu, mabatire a lithiamu-ion amawoneka bwino chifukwa cha kudalirika kwawo komanso kudalirika, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala chisankho chodziwika bwino chogwiritsidwa ntchito pogona.
Mabatire a lithiamu amapambana m'malo angapo ofunikira omwe amawapangitsa kukhala abwino kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zosungira kunyumba. Mmodzi mwa ubwino wawo waukulu ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zawo, zomwe zimawathandiza kusunga mphamvu zambiri mu phukusi lophatikizana komanso lopepuka. Kapangidwe kameneka kamakhala kopindulitsa makamaka m'malo okhalamo komwe malo angakhale ochepa.
Ubwino winanso wofunikira wamabatire a lithiamu ndikulephera kukumbukira, mosiyana ndi mabatire amtundu wa nickel-cadmium. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kulipiritsa ndikutulutsa mabatire a lithiamu nthawi iliyonse osadandaula za kuchepetsa mphamvu zawo zonse. Kuphatikiza apo, mabatire a lithiamu amakhala ndi nthawi yolipiritsa yaifupi, kulola kuyitanitsa mwachangu komanso kosavuta pakafunika.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino zamabatire a lithiamu oyenera kusungirako mphamvu zapanyumba ndi moyo wawo wautali wautumiki. Ndi kuthekera kopirira mpaka 6000 kuzungulira kwa kulipiritsa ndi kutulutsa, mabatire awa amapereka kukhazikika kwapadera komanso kudalirika kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwanthawi yayitali. Moyo wautaliwu umathandizidwanso ndi chitsimikizo chazaka 10, chopatsa eni nyumba mtendere wamalingaliro komanso chidaliro pakugulitsa kwawo.
Amennsolar, monga wopanga ma batri a lithiamu m'nyumba, adadziyika yekha patsogolo pamakampani osungira mphamvu. Kudzipereka kwawo pakuchita bwino komanso kusinthika kumawonekera muukadaulo wapamwamba womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mabatire omwe amapereka magwiridwe antchito komanso odalirika. Popereka mabatire a lithiamu okhala ndi moyo mpaka 6000 mizungu ndi chitsimikizo cha zaka 10, Amensolar amatsimikizira kuti makasitomala amalandira mankhwala apamwamba omwe amakwaniritsa zosowa zawo zosungira mphamvu moyenera.
Pomaliza, mabatire a lithiamu akuyimira njira yosinthira masewera kusungirako mphamvu zapanyumba, kupereka magwiridwe antchito osayerekezeka komanso kudalirika. Ndi mphamvu zawo zowonjezera mphamvu, mapangidwe opepuka, moyo wautali wautumiki, ndi mphamvu zowonjezera mofulumira, mabatire a lithiamu kuchokera kwa opanga monga Amennsolar akukhazikitsa miyezo yatsopano ya machitidwe osungira mphamvu zogona. Kulandira mphamvu ya mabatire a lithiamu kungasinthe momwe timayendetsera ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu m'nyumba zathu, ndikutsegulira njira ya tsogolo lokhazikika komanso labwino.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-02-2024
