Menene inverter?
Inverter yana canza ikon DC (baturi, baturin ajiya) zuwa ikon AC (gaba ɗaya 220V, 50Hz sine wave). Ya ƙunshi gada inverter, sarrafa dabaru da kuma tace kewaye.
A taƙaice, inverter wata na'urar lantarki ce da ke juyar da ƙaramin ƙarfin lantarki (12 ko 24 volts ko 48 volts) kai tsaye zuwa 220 volts alternating current. Domin mu yawanci muna amfani da 220-volt alternating current rectifier don juya shi zuwa yanzu kai tsaye, kuma inverter yana aiki a cikin kishiyar shugabanci, don haka sunan.
Menene asine kalaman inverter
Za a iya rarraba masu jujjuyawa bisa ga sigar fitar da su, a. zuwa masu jujjuyawar kalaman murabba'i, b. gyare-gyaren kalaman inverters da c. sine kalaman inverters.
Saboda haka, ma'anar ma'anar sine wave inverter shine inverter wanda siginar fitar da shi shine sine wave.
Fa'idarsa ita ce siginar fitarwa yana da kyau, murdiya ta yi ƙasa sosai, kuma yanayin fitar da ita ya yi daidai da tsarin igiyar wutar lantarki ta AC. A gaskiya ma, ingancin ƙarfin AC da aka ba da kyauta mafi kyausine kalaman inverterya fi na grid. Mai jujjuyawar sinewa yana da ɗan tsangwama ga rediyo, kayan aikin sadarwa da kayan aiki daidai, ƙaramar ƙararrawa, ƙarfin daidaitawa mai ƙarfi, na iya saduwa da aikace-aikacen duk nauyin AC, kuma duka injin yana da inganci sosai; Rashin hasara shi ne cewa layi da dangi gyaran gyare-gyaren juyawa na inverter yana da rikitarwa, yana da manyan buƙatu don sarrafa kwakwalwan kwamfuta da fasahar kulawa, kuma yana da tsada.
Ta yaya yake aiki?
Kafin gabatar da ka'idar aiki nasine kalaman inverter, da farko gabatar da ka'idar aiki na inverter.
Mai jujjuyawar wutar lantarki ce ta DC zuwa AC, wanda a zahiri tsari ne na juyar da wutar lantarki tare da mai canzawa. Mai jujjuya yana jujjuya wutar lantarki ta AC na grid ɗin wutar lantarki zuwa ingantaccen fitarwa na 12V DC, yayin da inverter yana jujjuya fitowar wutar lantarki ta 12V DC ta Adafta zuwa babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi AC; Dukan sassan biyu kuma suna amfani da fasaha mafi yawan amfani da fasahar bugun bugun jini (PWM). Babban ɓangaren sa shine mai haɗa haɗin PWM, Adafta yana amfani da UC3842, kuma inverter yana amfani da guntu TL5001. Matsakaicin ƙarfin ƙarfin aiki na TL5001 shine 3.6 ~ 40V, kuma an sanye shi da amplifier kuskure, mai daidaitawa, oscillator, janareta na PWM tare da mataccen yanki mai kula da mataccen yanki, ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki da kewayen kariyar da'ira.
Bangaren dubawar shigarwa: Akwai sigina 3 a cikin ɓangaren shigarwa, 12V DC shigarwar VIN, aiki yana ba da ƙarfin lantarki ENB da siginar sarrafawa na yanzu DIM. Ana samar da VIN ta hanyar Adafta, ENB na lantarki yana samar da MCU akan motherboard, ƙimarsa shine 0 ko 3V, lokacin da ENB=0, inverter baya aiki, kuma lokacin ENB=3V, inverter yana cikin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun; yayin da DIM ƙarfin lantarki Ya samar da babban allon, kewayon bambancinsa yana tsakanin 0 da 5V. Daban-daban dabi'u na DIM ana mayar da su zuwa tashar martani na mai sarrafa PWM, kuma na yanzu da mai jujjuyawar ke bayarwa zuwa kaya shima zai bambanta. Karamin ƙimar DIM, ƙaramin abin fitarwa na inverter. girma.
Da'irar farawa ta wutar lantarki: Lokacin da ENB yake a babban matakin, yana fitar da babban ƙarfin lantarki don haskaka bututun hasken baya na Panel.
PWM mai kula: Ya ƙunshi ayyuka masu zuwa: ƙarfin magana na ciki, amplifier kuskure, oscillator da PWM, kariyar overvoltage, kariya mara ƙarfi, gajeriyar kariyar kewayawa, da transistor fitarwa.
Canjin DC: Da'irar jujjuyawar wutar lantarki ta ƙunshi bututun sauya MOS da inductor ajiyar makamashi. Inductor yana ƙara ƙarfin bugun jini ta hanyar amplifier ɗin tura-pull sannan kuma yana motsa bututun MOS don aiwatar da canjin aiki, ta yadda wutar lantarki ta DC ta yi caji da fitar da inductor, ta yadda ɗayan ƙarshen inductor ya sami AC Voltage.
LC oscillation da fitarwa kewaye: tabbatar da ƙarfin lantarki na 1600V da ake buƙata don fitilar ta fara, kuma rage wutar lantarki zuwa 800V bayan an fara fitilar.
Ra'ayin wutar lantarki na fitarwa: Lokacin da nauyin ke aiki, ana dawo da ƙarfin samfurin don daidaita ƙarfin lantarki na inverter na I.
(Complex sine wave circuit diagram)
Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin sine wave inverter da talakawan inverter shi ne, tsarin fitarwar da yake fitarwa shi ne cikakken sine wave mai karancin murdiya, don haka babu wani tsangwama ga rediyo da kayan aikin sadarwa, karar kuma ta yi kasa sosai, aikin kariya ya cika. , kuma gabaɗaya inganci yana da girma.
Dalilin da ya sasine kalaman inverterzai iya fitar da cikakken sine wave saboda yana amfani da fasahar SPWM wacce ta fi fasahar PWM ci gaba.
Ka'idar SPWM ta dogara ne akan ka'idar daidai da cewa bugun jini yana aiki akan na'urori masu aiki na lokaci: idan kullun suna aiki akan na'urori masu aiki na lokaci, samfurin ƙimar ƙimar mafi girma da lokacin aiki daidai ne, kuma waɗannan nau'ikan za a iya kusantar su zama daidai.
SPWM yana kwatanta igiyoyin triangular tare da ƙayyadaddun mitar da ƙayyadaddun ƙimar ƙima (kamar sauya mitar 10k) tare da madaidaicin sine wave (babban igiyar ruwa) na mitar mai canzawa da ƙarfin lantarki, don bugun wutar lantarki na DC ( bugun jini tare da canza zagayowar aiki) zuwa kusan. ma'anar sine igiyar ruwa akan na'urar. Ana daidaita girman girman da mitar raƙuman raƙuman raƙuman ruwa don samar da raƙuman wutar lantarki na bugun jini na DC daidai da igiyoyin sine mai nuni tare da amplitudes da mitoci daban-daban.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-05-2024
