Ajiye makamashi yana nufin tsarin adana makamashi ta hanyar matsakaici ko na'ura da sakewa lokacin da ake buƙata. Yawancin lokaci, ajiyar makamashi galibi yana nufin ajiyar makamashin lantarki. A sauƙaƙe, ajiyar makamashi shine adana wutar lantarki da amfani dashi lokacin da ake buƙata.
Ma'ajiyar makamashi ta ƙunshi fa'idodi da yawa. Dangane da nau'in makamashin da ke cikin tsarin ajiyar makamashi, ana iya raba fasahar adana makamashi zuwa ajiyar makamashi ta jiki da kuma ajiyar makamashin sinadarai.
● Ma'ajiyar makamashi ta jiki shine ajiyar makamashi ta hanyar sauye-sauye na jiki, wanda za'a iya raba shi zuwa ajiyar makamashi na nauyi, ajiyar makamashi na roba, ajiyar makamashi na motsi, ajiyar sanyi da zafi, superconducting makamashi ajiya da kuma supercapacitor makamashi ajiya. Daga cikin su, ma'ajiyar makamashi mai karfin gaske ita ce kawai fasahar da ke adana wutar lantarki kai tsaye.
● Ma'ajiyar makamashin sinadari shine ajiyar kuzari a cikin abubuwa ta hanyar sauye-sauyen sinadarai, gami da ajiyar makamashin baturi na biyu, ajiyar makamashin baturi mai gudana, ajiyar makamashin hydrogen, ajiyar makamashi mai ƙarfi, ajiyar makamashin ƙarfe, da dai sauransu. ajiya.
Manufar ajiyar makamashi shine a yi amfani da makamashin lantarki da aka adana a matsayin mai sassauƙa mai daidaita makamashi, adana makamashi lokacin da grid ɗin ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa, da samar da makamashi lokacin da grid ɗin ya yi girma, don aski kololuwa da kwarin grid.
Aikin ajiyar makamashi kamar babban “bankin wuta” ne wanda ke buƙatar caji, adanawa, da kuma samarwa. Daga samarwa zuwa amfani, makamashin lantarki gabaɗaya yana bi ta waɗannan matakai guda uku: samar da wutar lantarki (tashar wutar lantarki, tashoshin wutar lantarki) → jigilar wutar lantarki (kamfanonin grid) → amfani da wutar lantarki (gidaje, masana'antu).
Ana iya kafa ma'ajin makamashi a cikin hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa guda uku da ke sama, don haka daidai da, yanayin aikace-aikacen ajiyar makamashi za a iya raba zuwa:Ma'ajiyar makamashi ta gefen samar da wutar lantarki, ajiyar makamashi na gefen grid, da ajiyar makamashi na gefen mai amfani.
02
Manyan yanayin aikace-aikace uku na ajiyar makamashi
Ajiye makamashi a gefen samar da wutar lantarki
Ajiye makamashi a bangaren samar da wutar kuma ana iya kiransa da ajiyar makamashi a bangaren samar da wutar lantarki ko kuma ajiyar makamashi a bangaren samar da wutar lantarki. An gina ta ne a cikin nau'ikan wutar lantarki daban-daban, filayen iska, da tashoshin wutar lantarki na hotovoltaic. Wurin tallafi ne da nau'ikan nau'ikan wutar lantarki ke amfani dashi don haɓaka amintaccen aiki da kwanciyar hankali na tsarin wutar lantarki. Yawanci ya haɗa da ajiyar makamashi na gargajiya dangane da ma'ajiyar famfo da kuma sabon ajiyar makamashi bisa tushen makamashin lantarki na lantarki, ajiyar makamashi na zafi (sanyi), ma'ajiyar makamashin iska, ajiyar makamashin tashi sama da hydrogen (ammoniya).
A halin yanzu, akwai manyan nau'ikan adana makamashi guda biyu a bangaren samar da wutar lantarki a kasar Sin.Nau'in farko shine wutar lantarki tare da ajiyar makamashi. Wato, ta hanyar hanyar thermal Power + Ma'ajiyar makamashi hade ka'idojin mitar, ana kawo fa'idodin saurin ajiyar makamashi a cikin wasa, saurin martani na raka'o'in wutar lantarki yana haɓaka da fasaha, da ƙarfin amsawar ikon thermal zuwa tsarin wutar lantarki. an inganta. An yi amfani da ajiyar makamashi mai rarraba wutar lantarki mai zafi a China. Shanxi, Guangdong, Mongoliya ta ciki, Hebei da sauran wurare suna da aikin samar da wutar lantarki hade da ayyukan sarrafa mitoci.
Kashi na biyu shine sabon makamashi tare da ajiyar makamashi. Idan aka kwatanta da wutar lantarki, wutar lantarki da wutar lantarki na hoto suna da matukar damuwa kuma suna da ƙarfi: kololuwar samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic yana mayar da hankali a cikin rana, kuma ba zai iya daidaita kai tsaye ga kololuwar buƙatun wutar lantarki a maraice da dare; kololuwar samar da wutar lantarki na iska ba shi da kwanciyar hankali a cikin yini guda, kuma akwai bambance-bambancen yanayi; Ma'ajiyar makamashin lantarki, a matsayin "stabilizer" na sabon makamashi, na iya sassauta sauye-sauye, wanda ba wai kawai zai iya inganta ƙarfin amfani da makamashi na gida ba, har ma yana taimakawa wajen cinye sabon makamashi a waje.
Ma'ajiyar makamashi ta gefen Grid
Ma'ajiyar makamashi ta gefen grid tana nufin albarkatun ajiyar makamashi a cikin tsarin wutar lantarki wanda hukumomin aika wutar lantarki za su iya aikawa daidai da guda, da amsa buƙatun sassauƙa na grid ɗin wutar lantarki, kuma suna taka rawar duniya da tsari. A karkashin wannan ma'anar, wurin da ake gina ayyukan ajiyar makamashi ba a iyakance shi ba kuma masu zuba jari da gine-gine sun bambanta.
Aikace-aikacen sun haɗa da sabis na taimakon wutar lantarki kamar mafi girman askewa, ƙa'idar mita, samar da wutar lantarki da sabbin ayyuka kamar ajiyar makamashi mai zaman kansa. Masu ba da sabis sun haɗa da kamfanonin samar da wutar lantarki, kamfanonin samar da wutar lantarki, masu amfani da wutar lantarki da ke shiga cikin ma'amaloli na kasuwa, kamfanonin ajiyar makamashi da dai sauransu. Manufar ita ce kiyaye aminci da kwanciyar hankali na tsarin wutar lantarki da tabbatar da ingancin wutar lantarki.
Ma'ajiyar makamashi ta gefen mai amfani
Ma'ajiyar makamashi ta gefen mai amfani yawanci tana nufin tashoshin wutar lantarki da aka gina bisa ga buƙatun mai amfani a yanayi daban-daban na amfani da wutar lantarki tare da manufar rage farashin wutar lantarki mai amfani da rage ƙarancin wutar lantarki da asarar ƙuntatawar wutar lantarki. Babban samfurin ribar masana'antu da ajiyar makamashi na kasuwanci a kasar Sin shine daidaita farashin wutar lantarki na kololuwa. Ajiye makamashi na gefen mai amfani zai iya taimaka wa masu gida su ceci farashin wutar lantarki ta hanyar yin caji da daddare lokacin da grid ɗin wutar ya yi ƙasa kuma yana fitar da rana lokacin da wutar lantarki ta yi yawa. The
Hukumar raya kasa da kawo sauyi ta kasa ta fitar da “sanarwa kan kara inganta injinan farashin wutar lantarki na lokacin amfani”, inda ta bukaci a wuraren da tsarin kololuwar kwarin ya zarce kashi 40 cikin 100, bai kamata bambancin farashin wutar lantarkin kololuwa ya ragu ba. fiye da 4: 1 bisa ka'ida, kuma a wasu wurare bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da 3: 1 bisa ka'ida ba. Matsakaicin farashin wutar lantarki bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da 20% sama da mafi girman farashin wutar lantarki a ka'ida ba. Fadada bambancin farashin kololuwar kwari ya aza harsashi ga babban ci gaba na ajiyar makamashi na gefen mai amfani.
03
Abubuwan haɓaka haɓaka fasahar adana makamashi
Gabaɗaya, haɓaka fasahar ajiyar makamashi da manyan aikace-aikacen na'urorin ajiyar makamashi ba kawai ba za su iya ba da tabbacin buƙatun wutar lantarki kawai da tabbatar da aminci da kwanciyar hankali na grid ɗin wutar lantarki ba, har ma da haɓaka yawan adadin samar da wutar lantarki mai sabuntawa. , rage fitar da iskar carbon, da kuma ba da gudummawa ga fahimtar "carbon peak da carbon neutrality".
Duk da haka, tun da yake wasu fasahohin ajiyar makamashi suna cikin ƙuruciyarsu kuma wasu aikace-aikacen ba su balaga ba, har yanzu akwai sauran damar ci gaba a dukkanin fannin fasahar ajiyar makamashi. A wannan mataki, matsalolin da fasahar adana makamashi ke fuskanta sun haɗa da waɗannan sassa biyu:
1) Ƙaƙƙarfan ci gaba na batir ajiyar makamashi: kare muhalli, babban inganci, da ƙananan farashi. Yadda za a inganta yanayin muhalli, aiki mai girma, da batura masu rahusa wani muhimmin batu ne a fagen bincike da ci gaban ajiyar makamashi. Ta hanyar haɗa waɗannan maki uku ne kawai za mu iya matsawa zuwa kasuwa cikin sauri kuma mafi kyau.
2) Haɓaka haɗin kai na fasahohin ajiyar makamashi daban-daban : Kowace fasahar ajiyar makamashi tana da fa'ida da rashin amfaninta, kuma kowace fasaha tana da nata filin na musamman. Bisa la'akari da wasu matsaloli masu amfani a wannan mataki, idan za a iya amfani da fasahohin adana makamashi daban-daban tare a cikin jiki, za a iya cimma tasirin yin amfani da karfi da kuma guje wa rauni, kuma sau biyu sakamakon tare da rabin kokarin za a iya cimma. Wannan kuma zai zama babban jagorar bincike a fagen ajiyar makamashi.
A matsayin babban goyon baya don haɓaka sabon makamashi, ajiyar makamashi shine ainihin fasaha don canza makamashi da buffering, ƙa'ida mafi girma da ingantaccen inganci, watsawa da tsarawa, gudanarwa da aikace-aikace. Yana gudana ta kowane bangare na sabon haɓaka makamashi da amfani. Don haka, ƙirƙira da haɓaka sabbin fasahohin adana makamashi za su share fagen sauya makamashin nan gaba.
Kasance tare da Aminsolar ESS, amintaccen jagora a ajiyar makamashi na gida tare da sadaukarwar shekaru 12, kuma fadada kasuwancin ku tare da ingantattun hanyoyin magance mu.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-30-2024
