Photovoltaic tare da ajiyar makamashi, a sauƙaƙe, shine haɗuwa da ƙarfin hasken rana da ajiyar baturi. Yayin da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwar hotovoltaic ya zama mafi girma kuma mafi girma, tasiri akan grid na wutar lantarki yana karuwa, kuma ajiyar makamashi yana fuskantar babban damar girma.
Photovoltaics tare da ajiyar makamashi suna da fa'idodi da yawa. Na farko, yana tabbatar da samar da wutar lantarki mafi kwanciyar hankali da aminci. Na'urar ajiyar wutar lantarki kamar babban baturi ne wanda ke adana yawan kuzarin hasken rana. Lokacin da rana ba ta isa ba ko kuma bukatar wutar lantarki ta yi yawa, zai iya ba da wutar lantarki don tabbatar da ci gaba da samar da wutar lantarki.
Na biyu, photovoltaics tare da ajiyar makamashi kuma na iya sa samar da hasken rana ya fi tattalin arziki. Ta hanyar inganta aiki, zai iya ba da damar ƙarin wutar lantarki da za a yi amfani da shi da kanta kuma ya rage farashin siyan wutar lantarki. Haka kuma, kayan ajiyar wutar lantarki kuma na iya shiga cikin kasuwar sabis na taimakon wutar lantarki don kawo ƙarin fa'idodi. Yin amfani da fasahar ajiyar wutar lantarki yana sa samar da wutar lantarki ta hasken rana ya fi sauƙi kuma yana iya biyan buƙatun wutar lantarki daban-daban. A lokaci guda kuma, yana iya aiki tare da masana'antar wutar lantarki mai kama-da-wane don cimma daidaituwar hanyoyin samar da makamashi da yawa da daidaita wadatar da buƙatu.
Ajiye makamashi na Photovoltaic ya bambanta da tsantsar wutar lantarki mai haɗin grid. Ana buƙatar ƙara batir ajiyar makamashi da cajin baturi da na'urorin caji. Kodayake farashin gaba zai ƙaru zuwa wani ɗan lokaci, kewayon aikace-aikacen ya fi fadi. Da ke ƙasa muna gabatar da yanayin yanayin aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen hotovoltaic + masu zuwa masu zuwa bisa aikace-aikace daban-daban: yanayin aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen makamashi na kashe wutar lantarki, yanayin aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen wutar lantarki na hotovoltaic, yanayin aikace-aikacen grid mai haɗa wutar lantarki mai haɗawa da aikace-aikacen tsarin ajiyar makamashi na microgrid. Al'amuran
01
Yanayin aikace-aikacen ajiyar kuzari na Photovoltaic
Tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na kashe wutar lantarki na Photovoltaic na iya aiki da kansa ba tare da dogaro da grid ɗin wutar lantarki ba. Ana amfani da su sau da yawa a wurare masu nisa na tsaunuka, wuraren da ba su da ƙarfi, tsibiri, tashoshin sadarwa, fitilun titi da sauran wuraren aikace-aikacen. Tsarin ya ƙunshi tsararrun hoto, na'ura mai haɗawa da inverter na hoto, fakitin baturi, da nauyin lantarki. Tsarin photovoltaic yana canza makamashin hasken rana zuwa makamashin lantarki lokacin da akwai haske, yana ba da wutar lantarki ga kaya ta na'urar sarrafa inverter, kuma yana cajin fakitin baturi a lokaci guda; lokacin da babu haske, baturi yana ba da wuta ga nauyin AC ta hanyar inverter.
Hoto 1 Tsarin tsari na tsarin samar da wutar lantarki daga waje.
An tsara tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic na musamman don amfani da shi a wuraren da ba tare da wutar lantarki ba ko kuma yankunan da ke fama da rashin wutar lantarki akai-akai, irin su tsibirai, jiragen ruwa, da dai sauransu. Tsarin kashe wutar lantarki ba ya dogara da babban grid na wutar lantarki, amma ya dogara da shi. "ajiya da amfani a lokaci guda" Ko kuma yanayin aiki na "ajiya da farko kuma amfani daga baya" shine don ba da taimako a lokutan bukata. Tsare-tsaren kashe wuta suna da matuƙar amfani ga gidaje a wuraren da babu wutar lantarki ko wuraren da ke yawan katsewar wutar lantarki.
02
Yanayin aikace-aikacen ajiyar kuzari na Photovoltaic da kashe-grid
Ana amfani da tsarin adana makamashi na Photovoltaic da yawa a cikin aikace-aikace kamar kashe wutar lantarki akai-akai, ko amfani da kai na hoto wanda ba za a iya haɗa shi da Intanet ba, hauhawar farashin wutar lantarki da ake amfani da shi, da farashin wutar lantarki mafi tsada sun fi tsada fiye da farashin wutar lantarki. .
Hoto 2 Tsarin tsari na tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na layi daya da kashe-gid
Tsarin ya ƙunshi tsarar hoto na hoto wanda ya ƙunshi abubuwan da suka shafi hasken rana, na'ura mai amfani da hasken rana da kashe duk-in-daya, fakitin baturi, da kaya. Tsarin photovoltaic yana canza makamashin hasken rana zuwa makamashin lantarki lokacin da akwai haske, kuma yana ba da wutar lantarki ga kaya ta hanyar inverter duk-in-one na'ura, yayin cajin baturi; lokacin da babu haske, baturin yana ba da wutar lantarki ga na'ura mai sarrafa hasken rana duk-in-daya, sannan AC tana ɗaukar wutar lantarki.
Idan aka kwatanta da tsarin samar da wutar lantarki mai haɗin grid, tsarin kashe-grid yana ƙara caji da mai sarrafa fitarwa da baturi. Farashin tsarin yana ƙaruwa da kusan 30% -50%, amma kewayon aikace-aikacen ya fi fadi. Na farko, ana iya saita shi don fitarwa a ƙimar wutar lantarki lokacin da farashin wutar lantarki ya ƙaru, rage farashin wutar lantarki; na biyu, ana iya cajin shi a lokacin kwarin da kuma fitar da shi a lokacin lokutan kololuwa, ta amfani da bambancin farashin kwarin don samun kuɗi; na uku, lokacin da grid ɗin wutar lantarki ya kasa, tsarin photovoltaic yana ci gaba da aiki a matsayin ajiyar wutar lantarki. , Za'a iya kunna inverter zuwa yanayin aiki na kashe-grid, kuma photovoltaics da batura na iya ba da wutar lantarki zuwa kaya ta hanyar inverter. A halin yanzu ana amfani da wannan yanayin sosai a cikin ƙasashen da suka ci gaba.
03
Yanayin aikace-aikacen ajiyar makamashi mai haɗin grid na hotovoltaic
Tsarukan samar da wutar lantarki mai haɗin grid gabaɗaya suna aiki a cikin yanayin haɗaɗɗiyar AC na ma'ajin hotovoltaic + makamashi. Tsarin zai iya adana yawan ƙarfin wutar lantarki kuma ya ƙara yawan yawan amfani da kai. Ana iya amfani da Photovoltaic a cikin rarrabawa da adanawa na hotovoltaic, masana'antu da kasuwanci na ajiyar makamashi na hoto da sauran al'amuran. Tsarin ya ƙunshi tsarar hoto mai ɗaukar hoto wanda ya ƙunshi abubuwan da ke tattare da hasken rana, injin inverter mai haɗin grid, fakitin baturi, PCS mai caji da fitarwa, da nauyin lantarki. Lokacin da hasken rana ya kasance ƙasa da ƙarfin lodi, tsarin yana aiki da makamashin hasken rana da kuma grid tare. Lokacin da hasken rana ya fi ƙarfin lodi, wani ɓangare na makamashin hasken rana yana ba da wutar lantarki ga kaya, kuma wani sashi yana adanawa ta hanyar mai sarrafawa. A lokaci guda kuma, ana iya amfani da tsarin ajiyar makamashi don sasantawa na kololuwa, sarrafa buƙatu da sauran al'amuran don ƙara ƙirar ribar tsarin.
Hoto 3 Tsarin tsari na tsarin ajiyar makamashi mai haɗin grid
A matsayin sabon yanayin aikace-aikacen makamashi mai tsafta, tsarin adana makamashi mai haɗin grid na hotovoltaic ya jawo hankali sosai a sabuwar kasuwar makamashi ta ƙasata. Tsarin ya haɗu da samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic, na'urorin ajiyar makamashi da grid na AC don cimma ingantaccen amfani da makamashi mai tsabta. Babban abũbuwan amfãni kamar haka: 1. Inganta yawan amfani da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na Photovoltaic yana da matukar tasiri ga yanayin yanayi da yanayin yanki, kuma yana da sauƙi ga sauyin wutar lantarki. Ta hanyar na'urorin ajiyar makamashi, ƙarfin fitarwa na samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic za a iya daidaitawa kuma ana iya rage tasirin tasirin wutar lantarki akan grid na wutar lantarki. A lokaci guda, na'urorin ajiyar makamashi na iya samar da makamashi ga grid a ƙarƙashin ƙananan yanayin haske da kuma inganta yawan amfani da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic. 2. Haɓaka kwanciyar hankali na grid na wutar lantarki. Tsarin grid na photovoltaic da aka haɗa da tsarin ajiyar makamashi zai iya gane ainihin lokacin sa ido da daidaitawa na grid na wutar lantarki da kuma inganta kwanciyar hankali na aiki na wutar lantarki. Lokacin da grid ɗin wutar lantarki ya canza, na'urar ajiyar makamashi na iya amsawa da sauri don samarwa ko ɗaukar ƙarfin wuce gona da iri don tabbatar da aiki mai sauƙi na grid ɗin wutar. 3. Haɓaka sabon amfani da makamashi Tare da saurin haɓaka sabbin hanyoyin samar da makamashi irin su photovoltaics da wutar lantarki, al'amurran da suka shafi amfani sun zama sananne. Tsarin grid na hotovoltaic da aka haɗa da tsarin ajiyar makamashi zai iya inganta damar samun dama da matakin amfani da sabon makamashi da kuma sauƙaƙa matsa lamba na ƙa'ida mafi girma akan grid wutar lantarki. Ta hanyar aikawa da na'urorin ajiyar makamashi, ana iya samun nasarar fitar da sabon ƙarfin makamashi.
04
Yanayin aikace-aikacen tsarin ajiyar makamashi na Microgrid
A matsayin na'ura mai mahimmanci na ajiyar makamashi, tsarin ajiyar makamashi na microgrid yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin sabon ci gaban makamashi da tsarin wutar lantarki na ƙasata. Tare da ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha da kuma yaɗawar makamashi mai sabuntawa, yanayin aikace-aikacen tsarin ajiyar makamashi na microgrid yana ci gaba da faɗaɗa, musamman gami da abubuwa biyu masu zuwa:
1. Rarraba wutar lantarki da tsarin ajiyar makamashi: Rarraba wutar lantarki yana nufin kafa ƙananan kayan aikin samar da wutar lantarki kusa da bangaren masu amfani, kamar hasken rana photovoltaic, makamashin iska, da dai sauransu, kuma ana adana yawan wutar lantarki ta hanyar tsarin ajiyar makamashi. ta yadda za a iya amfani da shi a lokacin kololuwar lokacin wutar lantarki ko Ba da wutar lantarki yayin gazawar grid.
2. Microgrid madadin samar da wutar lantarki: A cikin yankuna masu nisa, tsibirai da sauran wuraren da samun damar grid na wutar lantarki ke da wahala, ana iya amfani da tsarin ajiyar makamashi na microgrid azaman wutar lantarki ta madadin don samar da ingantaccen wutar lantarki zuwa yankin gida.
Microgrids na iya cikakken kuma yadda ya kamata yin amfani da yuwuwar rarraba makamashi mai tsabta ta hanyar haɓaka makamashi da yawa, rage abubuwan da ba su da kyau kamar ƙaramin ƙarfi, ƙarancin ƙarfin wutar lantarki, da ƙarancin amincin samar da wutar lantarki mai zaman kansa, tabbatar da amintaccen aiki na grid ɗin wutar lantarki, kuma sune ƙarin amfani ga manyan grid na wutar lantarki. Yanayin aikace-aikacen Microgrid sun fi sassauƙa, sikelin na iya zuwa daga dubunnan watts zuwa dubun megawatts, kuma kewayon aikace-aikacen ya fi fadi.
Hoto 4 Tsarin tsari na tsarin adana makamashi na microgrid na hotovoltaic
Yanayin aikace-aikacen na ajiyar makamashi na photovoltaic suna da wadata da bambanta, suna rufe nau'i daban-daban kamar su kashe-grid, grid-connected da micro-grid. A aikace-aikace masu amfani, yanayi daban-daban suna da fa'idodi da halaye na kansu, suna ba masu amfani da ƙarfi mai tsafta mai tsafta da ingantaccen aiki. Tare da ci gaba da ci gaba da rage farashin fasaha na fasaha na photovoltaic, ajiyar makamashi na photovoltaic zai taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin makamashi na gaba. A sa'i daya kuma, haɓakawa da aiwatar da al'amura daban-daban kuma za su taimaka cikin hanzarin bunƙasa sabbin masana'antun makamashi na ƙasata da kuma ba da gudummawa wajen tabbatar da canjin makamashi da bunƙasa kore da ƙarancin carbon.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-11-2024
